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Abstract

Critical Incident Stress Debriefings have become an intervention method used in various cultures, countries and groups following critical incidents. Although the structure of such meetings has been adequately described, utilization of the group processes involved has received less attention. A model, process debriefing (PD), based on experiences from Europe, is presented. Some differences between the current CISD process in the United States and the Europe based model are outlined. Various factors that impact the process of debriefings are discussed with a special emphasis on leadership, and implications of these group process variables for psychological debriefing are presented. It is emphasized that the continued exploration and discussion of process issues is critical to advance the understanding of the critical elements of debriefing.

Can functional emotion regulation protect children's mental health from war trauma? A Palestinian study

“…The 13‐item Children's Impact Event Scale (CRIES; Dyregrov & Yule, ), based on the DSM‐IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition), covers the three core dimensions of post‐traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS): re‐experiencing (four items), avoidance (four items) and hyper‐arousal (five items) symptoms. Children indicated on a 4‐point scale how often they had had each symptom during the last 2 weeks (0 = not at all , 3 = often ).…”