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Funk, Vicki A.; Zermoglio, M. Fernanda; Nasir, Naseem

doi:10.1023/a:1008877222842

Cited by 65 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This is strong evidence of an overall spatial bias in data collection, which is expected in a meta-database like GBIF because there is no systematic plan and means of acquiring data. The natural history collections that form the basis of the dataset have in general displayed a high incidence of species, geographical and temporal bias [22,42,45,46,60,61]. Also field data collection, the other source of point locations, is more likely to be carried out in developed, species poor but funds rich countries.…”

Section: Global Spatial Datasets On Mammals (A) Point Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What spatial data do we need to develop global mammal conservation strategies?

Boitani

Maiorano

Baisero

et al. 2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

114

144

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Spatial data on species distributions are available in two main forms, point locations and distribution maps (polygon ranges and grids). The first are often temporally and spatially biased, and too discontinuous, to be useful (untransformed) in spatial analyses. A variety of modelling approaches are used to transform point locations into maps. We discuss the attributes that point location data and distribution maps must satisfy in order to be useful in conservation planning. We recommend that before point location data are used to produce and/or evaluate distribution models, the dataset should be assessed under a set of criteria, including sample size, age of data, environmental/geographical coverage, independence, accuracy, time relevance and (often forgotten) representation of areas of permanent and natural presence of the species. Distribution maps must satisfy additional attributes if used for conservation analyses and strategies, including minimizing commission and omission errors, credibility of the source/assessors and availability for public screening. We review currently available databases for mammals globally and show that they are highly variable in complying with these attributes. The heterogeneity and weakness of spatial data seriously constrain their utility to global and also sub-global scale conservation analyses.

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Section: Global Spatial Datasets On Mammals (A) Point Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What spatial data do we need to develop global mammal conservation strategies?

Boitani

Maiorano

Baisero

et al. 2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

114

144

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“…Inadequate distribution data is incomplete and unreliable for policymakers and managers to use to make decisions in biodiversity conservation (Funk et al 1999). Herbarium specimen-based data provides the most comprehensive and reliable distribution information of known taxa as well as the highest-resolution data (point data) (Ponder et al 2001;Fig.…”

Section: Distribution Data Limitations and Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic distribution patterns and status assessment of threatened plants in China

Zhang

2008

Biodivers Conserv

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Large scale heterogeneous distribution of biodiversity has become a hot topic for ecologists and conservationists. A threat status assessment combined with geographic distribution patterns of threatened plants in China has been conducted at a national scale in this study based upon a distribution database that refers to both specimen records and published references. Currently, 302 threatened plant species are cataloged in the ''National Protected Key Wild Plants'' in China belonging to 92 families and 194 genera. Results of the assessment according to the Categories and Criteria system of The World Conservation Union (IUCN) Red List indicate that three species have been assessed as Extinct in Wild (EW) while a further 79, 99 and 112 species have been assessed as Critically Endangered (CR), Endangered (EN), and Vulnerable (VU), respectively. Distribution patterns of threatened plants were analyzed with GIS to identify areas of high species diversity. It was found that threatened plant species occur unevenly within counties and are concentrated in the following eight hotspots: the central and southern Hengduanshan mountain area; the southeast regions of Yunnan as well as Xishuangbanna and southwestern Guangxi; the southern Hainan island; the border mountainous regions of Guizhou, Hunan and Guangxi provinces; the mountainous regions of southwestern Hubei and northern Hunan; southwestern Zhejiang and western Fujian; central Sichuan and southern Gansu; and the western mountains of Guangdong. Moreover, the 12 counties with the greatest number of threatened plant species represent cumulatively more than 50% of the total listed species and, therefore, are the regions in China that should be prioritized for conservation efforts. By overlapping the map of threatened plant species with the distribution of national nature reserves, a gap was identified in protected areas. This research will ultimately provide insights for prioritizing biodiversity conservation as well as processing the mechanisms of distribution patterns.

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“…Collectively, these databases encompass hundreds of thousands of species [18]. This vast and growing information resource is being used to address fundamental questions in ecology, evolution and systematics [17,18] and to explore patterns in the distribution of organismal form, function and diversity at previously impossible temporal and spatial scales [19-23]. Researchers are only beginning to explore the potential applications of these global biodiversity data sources for agriculture [20], plant products research [21] and conservation biology [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The taxonomic name resolution service: an online tool for automated standardization of plant names

Boyle

Hopkins²,

et al. 2013

BMC Bioinformatics

458

382

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BackgroundThe digitization of biodiversity data is leading to the widespread application of taxon names that are superfluous, ambiguous or incorrect, resulting in mismatched records and inflated species numbers. The ultimate consequences of misspelled names and bad taxonomy are erroneous scientific conclusions and faulty policy decisions. The lack of tools for correcting this ‘names problem’ has become a fundamental obstacle to integrating disparate data sources and advancing the progress of biodiversity science.ResultsThe TNRS, or Taxonomic Name Resolution Service, is an online application for automated and user-supervised standardization of plant scientific names. The TNRS builds upon and extends existing open-source applications for name parsing and fuzzy matching. Names are standardized against multiple reference taxonomies, including the Missouri Botanical Garden's Tropicos database. Capable of processing thousands of names in a single operation, the TNRS parses and corrects misspelled names and authorities, standardizes variant spellings, and converts nomenclatural synonyms to accepted names. Family names can be included to increase match accuracy and resolve many types of homonyms. Partial matching of higher taxa combined with extraction of annotations, accession numbers and morphospecies allows the TNRS to standardize taxonomy across a broad range of active and legacy datasets.ConclusionsWe show how the TNRS can resolve many forms of taxonomic semantic heterogeneity, correct spelling errors and eliminate spurious names. As a result, the TNRS can aid the integration of disparate biological datasets. Although the TNRS was developed to aid in standardizing plant names, its underlying algorithms and design can be extended to all organisms and nomenclatural codes. The TNRS is accessible via a web interface at http://tnrs.iplantcollaborative.org/ and as a RESTful web service and application programming interface. Source code is available at https://github.com/iPlantCollaborativeOpenSource/TNRS/.

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Untitled

Cited by 65 publications

References 31 publications

What spatial data do we need to develop global mammal conservation strategies?

What spatial data do we need to develop global mammal conservation strategies?

Geographic distribution patterns and status assessment of threatened plants in China

The taxonomic name resolution service: an online tool for automated standardization of plant names

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