A 619-pixel machine vision enhancement chip based on two-dimensional semiconductors

Abstract

The rapid development of machine vision applications demands hardware that can sense and process visual information in a single monolithic unit to avoid redundant data transfer. Here, we design and demonstrate a monolithic vision enhancement chip with light-sensing, memory, digital-to-analog conversion, and processing functions by implementing a 619-pixel with 8582 transistors and physical dimensions of 10 mm by 10 mm based on a wafer-scale two-dimensional (2D) monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ). The light-sensing function with analog MoS 2 transistor circuits offers low noise and high photosensitivity. Furthermore, we adopt a MoS 2 analog processing circuit to dynamically adjust the photocurrent of individual imaging sensor, which yields a high dynamic light-sensing range greater than 90 decibels. The vision chip allows the applications for contrast enhancement and noise reduction of image processing. This large-scale monolithic chip based on 2D semiconductors shows multiple functions with light sensing, memory, and processing for artificial machine vision applications, exhibiting the potentials of 2D semiconductors for future electronics.

Operating Principle and Device Configuration Driven Mechanisms in Low‐Dimensional Materials for Neuromorphics

“…[ 26 ] This bidirectional photoresponse is then fed into an off‐chip neural network (simulation model) to mimic retina like motion detection and recognition. A similar approach is demonstrated by Shunli et al, [ 57 ] where 619 pixels based on 2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) are used to implement bioinspired vision system. Furthermore, photoresponse and its tunability by electrical controls have also been used to achieve bioinspired image recognition through different methods such as simulating ANNs.…”

Low-dimensional optoelectronic synaptic devices for neuromorphic vision sensors

“…Wafer-scale vision chips can further promote the development of artificial vision systems. Ma et al designed a wafer-scale 2D MoS 2 vision chip, which integrated 619 pixels with 8582 transistors in an area of 10 square millimeters to achieve the function of contrast enhancement [54]. These results demonstrated the potential for the proposed vision chip to be used in future applications of artificial vision systems.…”

“…This feature is especially significant for constructing neuromorphic vision sensors. Therefore, in recent years, a range of optoelectronic synaptic devices simulating functions of the human visual systems have been proposed, including color recognition [40][41][42][43][44][45][46], angle recognition [47][48][49][50], contrast enhancement [51][52][53][54][55], motion detection [56][57][58][59][60][61], and visual adaptation [62][63][64][65][66][67], which will be discussed in detail in section 5.…”

Intelligent Optoelectronic Devices for Next‐Generation Artificial Machine Vision

“…Color and shape recognition [110] 2D materials MoS 2 Scotopic/photopic adaptation and image preprocessing [91] MoS 2 Image sensing, memorization, and recognition [56] MoS 2 Light-sensing, memory, digital-to-analog conversion, and preprocessing [111] BP Broadband optoelectronic edge computing [112] WSe 2 Image sensing and processing [52] PdSe 2 /MoTe 2 Broadband sensing and convolutional processing [113] which helps reduce signal interference. Through the voltage division control of the circuit, the simulation of various synaptic functions can be realized.…”