A 77-GHz 8RX3TX Transceiver for 250-m Long-Range Automotive Radar in 40-nm CMOS Technology

A New 77 GHz Sampling Mixer in 28-nm FD-SOI CMOS Technology for Automotive Radar application

“…This table shows that all the main characteristics of the mixer are improved when the sampling operation is enabled by using the LO pulse shaper and the hold capacitor CH. The voltage conversion gain Gcv of -1 dB is in good agreement with (1). The input-referred compression point is improved thanks to the sharper rise and fall times of the LO signal, and the NF using a 50 Ω RF source benefits from the lower LO duty cycle.…”

“…The pulsed LO waveforms keep the transistors in their safe area without sacrificing the linearity, which is a major challenge considering the low breakdown voltages of nm-scaled CMOS processes. As a result, the proposed receiver has similar performance to [1] but with a lower supply voltage. Compared to [10] and [9], the use of a 2-stage LNA increases the front-end gain reducing the NFSSB.…”

“…The measured front-end performances are summarized and compared with other radar receivers in table 3. The receivers in [1], [9], [10] are among the best noise/linearity trade-off reported in the literature related to 77 GHz CMOS radar receivers. As the receiver linearity strongly depends on the LO voltage amplitude, the receiver in [1] relies on a significant voltage supply to benefit from a high linearity.…”

“…The receivers in [1], [9], [10] are among the best noise/linearity trade-off reported in the literature related to 77 GHz CMOS radar receivers. As the receiver linearity strongly depends on the LO voltage amplitude, the receiver in [1] relies on a significant voltage supply to benefit from a high linearity. Another strategy is used in [9] and [10] where the one-stage LNA results in a low front-end gain ensuring a high linearity on a low voltage supply.…”

“…The literature related to CMOS radar receivers highlights that high performances are reached with passive mixers that provides high linearity and zero DC power consumption [1]. Consequently, a passive mixer has been chosen for the presented radar front-end.…”