A 90-day dietary study with fibrillated cellulose in Sprague-Dawley rats

Ong, Kimberly J.; Ede, James D.; Pomeroy-Carter, Cassidy A.; Sayes, Christie M.; Mulenos, Marina R.; Shatkin, Jo Anne

doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.01.003

Cited by 45 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Digested organic NPs are less likely to induce toxicity since the by-products of digestion by stomach acid are simple sugars, although in the case of nanocellulose, the lack of enzyme in human gut capable of degrading cellulose results in the cellulose moving through the gut fairly quickly. A 90-day subchronic toxicity study on Sprague Dawley rats conducted by Ong et al [ 300 ] indicated that no systemic toxicity attributable to 4% dietary consumption of fibrillated cellulose was observed. In the same study, a higher concentration of 30% of nanofibrillated cellulose for 72 weeks also indicated no adverse effects.…”

Section: Toxicity Of Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Nanotechnology in Wood-Based Products Industry: A Review

et al. 2020

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Wood-based industry is one of the main drivers of economic growth in Malaysia. Forest being the source of various lignocellulosic materials has many untapped potentials that could be exploited to produce sustainable and biodegradable nanosized material that possesses very interesting features for use in wood-based industry itself or across many different application fields. Wood-based products sector could also utilise various readily available nanomaterials to enhance the performance of existing products or to create new value added products from the forest. This review highlights recent developments in nanotechnology application in the wood-based products industry.

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Section: Toxicity Of Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Nanotechnology in Wood-Based Products Industry: A Review

et al. 2020

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“…[48][49][50] With cellulose nanomaterials, the research fortunately indicates low toxicity. 51,52 Hence, the morphometric characterization of particulate systems is of considerable importance in studying structure-property relations in multitude of circumstances ranging from physicochemical to biological. Often a simple imaging technique might suffice as shown with the regular crystalline shapes analysed in Paper II, while with more complex morphologies, methods yielding threedimensional information might be warranted as emphasized by the work presented in Paper I and Paper III.…”

Section: Role Of Morphology In Particle Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology-Controlled Synthesis of Colloidal Polyphenol Particles from Aqueous Solutions of Tannic Acid

Kämäräinen

Ago

Greca

et al. 2019

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The properties and application of particulate systems can be tailored by gaining control on their morphology. Here, a facile method is described for the bottom-up synthesis of biobased colloidal particles with varied morphologies by simple aqueous oxidation of tannic acid used as a precursor in alkaline solutions. Initial tannic acid concentrations of 1−2 wt % produce the largest crystalline yields, while total precipitate yields (up to 64%) are achieved at 2 wt %. Structural and thermochemical evaluations are reported from measurements based on X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetry, as well as infrared, mass, nuclear magnetic resonance, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. The analyses suggest a galloyl-rich composition of the particles with thermal stability up to 450−500 °C. We show that the selection of the base species and pH affords control of the particle morphologies that include rods, platelets, rhomboids, cuboids, and quasi-spherical shapes. The main cause−effect relations are elucidated from principal component analysis of process conditions and particle morphogenetic parameters, which are derived from their physical dimensions and yield. The results indicate an anticorrelation between base countercation ionic radius and particle volume, whereas base strength and initial solution pH correlate with the total precipitate yield and elongated morphologies, respectively.

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“…Some of the potential implications of CNF ingestion exposures have recently been studied and reported in the literature. These studies have included investigations of the toxicity of physiologically relevant pre-digested CNF in an in vitro model of the small intestinal epithelium [ 8 , 9 ], as well as in vivo systemic toxicity, intestinal epithelial health effects, and impacts on the gut microbiota in rats [ 8 , 10 , 11 ]. Other than a reported significant reduction in digestion and absorption of co-ingested triglycerides (fat) [ 12 ], which may provide a health benefit, toxicology results to date generally have not reported any significant adverse effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescently Labeled Cellulose Nanofibers for Environmental Health and Safety Studies

et al. 2021

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An optimal methodology for locating and tracking cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) in vitro and in vivo is crucial to evaluate the environmental health and safety properties of these nanomaterials. Here, we report the use of a new boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) reactive fluorescent probe, meso-DichlorotriazineEthyl BODIPY (mDTEB), tailor-made for labeling CNFs used in simulated or in vivo ingestion exposure studies. Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) was used to confirm covalent attachment and purity of mDTEB-labeled CNFs. The photoluminescence properties of mDTEB-labeled CNFs, characterized using fluorescence spectroscopy, include excellent stability over a wide pH range (pH2 to pH10) and high quantum yield, which provides detection at low (μM) concentrations. FLIM analysis also showed that lignin-like impurities present on the CNF reduce the fluorescence of the mDTEB-labeled CNF, via quenching. Therefore, the chemical composition and the methods of CNF production affect subsequent studies. An in vitro triculture, small intestinal, epithelial model was used to assess the toxicity of ingested mDTEB-labeled CNFs. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) were used to assess in vivo environmental toxicity studies. No cytotoxicity was observed for CNFs, or mDTEB-labeled CNFs, either in the triculture cells or in the zebrafish embryos.

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A 90-day dietary study with fibrillated cellulose in Sprague-Dawley rats

Cited by 45 publications

References 30 publications

Application of Nanotechnology in Wood-Based Products Industry: A Review

Application of Nanotechnology in Wood-Based Products Industry: A Review

Morphology-Controlled Synthesis of Colloidal Polyphenol Particles from Aqueous Solutions of Tannic Acid

Fluorescently Labeled Cellulose Nanofibers for Environmental Health and Safety Studies

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