A Biomimetic Nonantibiotic Nanoplatform for Low‐Temperature Photothermal Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) remain a matter of concern, as the clinical use of multiple antibiotics induces antibiotic resistance in bacteria, resulting in the failure of treatments. Despite the emergence of anti‐adhesion strategies that can prevent the development of bacterial drug resistance, these strategies are mainly used for disease prevention rather than effective treatment. Photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as an efficient alternative for the elimination of bacteria. Nevertheless, high local temperatures related to PTT probably cause damage to surrounding healthy tissue. Herein, a biomimetic nonantibiotic nanoplatform for low‐temperature photothermal treatment of UTIs is developed. The nanoplatform comprises polydopamine (PDA) photothermal core and biphenyl mannoside (Man) shell with multivalent high‐affinity to UPEC. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows PDA‐Man possessed ultra‐strong targeting binding ability toward UPEC. It is the fact that this impulse UPEC to form a large bacterial cluster. Consequently, the high photothermal energy of the PDA‐Man appears predominantly in the affected bacterial area, while the overall environment remains at a low temperature. The fabricated nanoplatform shows excellent photothermal bactericidal effects, approximately 100% in a UTI model. Overall, this low‐temperature photothermal nanoplatform provides an appropriate strategy for the elimination of bacteria in clinical applications.

Polydopamine nanocomposites and their biomedical applications: A review

“…Bacterial infection is the most prevalent among healthy and immunocompromised individuals. The bacterial species like Escherichia coli , S. aureus , and P. aeruginosa contribute to the disease in humans 82–84 . The current treatment modalities for bacterial infections are the use of available antibiotics.…”

“…The bacterial species like Escherichia coli, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa contribute to the disease in humans. [82][83][84] The current treatment modalities for bacterial infections are the use of available antibiotics. However, excessive use of antibiotics leads to the development of multi-drug resistance among humans, and immunocompromised patients suffer the most.…”

Negatively charged Cu1.33S nanochains: endocytic pathway, photothermal therapy and toxic effect in vivo

“…In the past few decades, photothermal therapy has been diffusely used in cancer treatment and antibacterial elds. [21][22][23][24][25][26] Photothermal therapy offers a non-invasive therapy by making use of the photothermal effect of photothermal agents (PTAs). PTAs can convert the light energy of a near infrared (NIR) laser into heat to trigger the local hyperthermic ablation of cancer.…”

Long-Lasting Chemiluminescence-Based POCT for Portable and Visual Pathogenic Detection and In Situ Inactivation

“…As an important treatment substance of bacterial infection, antibiotics play a significant role in protecting human health . However, the overuse of antibiotics has brought about side effects on human health and has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains, which have high mortality. − In recent decades, photothermal therapy (PTT) based on physical heat has been considered as a promising novel approach for inactivating bacteria due to its low systemic toxicity and less potential for inducing drug resistance. , For example, CuS nanoparticles have been validated to be a powerful candidate for photothermal sterilization . Gold nanostars with excellent photothermal property can kill bacteria with high efficiency .…”

“…13−15 In recent decades, photothermal therapy (PTT) based on physical heat has been considered as a promising novel approach for inactivating bacteria due to its low systemic toxicity and less potential for inducing drug resistance. 16,17 For example, CuS nanoparticles have been validated to be a powerful candidate for photothermal sterilization. 18 Gold nanostars with excellent photothermal property can kill bacteria with high efficiency.…”