A Brief History of Fisheries Management with Emphasis on Societal Participatory Roles

Defeo, Omar; McClanahan, Tim R.; Castilla, Juan Carlos

doi:10.1002/9780470996072.ch1

Cited by 11 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…The fishery system can be broken down into three interacting subsystems: resource, resource users and resource management [36] or resource units produced by the fishery, the users of that system and the governance system [37]. Our results show that Peruvian fishing companies (resource users) and anchovy management authorities (resource management) have together developed at least eight strategies to cope with the impacts of climate variability and extreme El Niño events (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…On the anchovy stock or resource side, a healthier anchovy population fished much more carefully and under improved management together with appropriate cooler oceanographic conditions reduced the minimal impact of the 1997-1998 extreme event. On the resource users and resource management or governance side [36,37]; the availability of coping strategies developed since the onset of the fishery also played an important role, as discussed bellow:…”

Section: Recent Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coping Strategies to Deal with Environmental Variability and Extreme Climatic Events in the Peruvian Anchovy Fishery

2011

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Abstract:The Peruvian anchovy fishery is the largest worldwide in terms of catches. The fishery started during the mid 1950s, and since then it has been highly dependent on natural stock fluctuations, due to the sensitivity of anchovy stocks to ocean-climate variability. The main driver of anchovy stock variability is the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and three extreme ENSO warm events were recorded in

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Recent Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping Strategies to Deal with Environmental Variability and Extreme Climatic Events in the Peruvian Anchovy Fishery

2011

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“…Nearly all of the examples where yield declined were reversed and stabilized, describe a localized historical trial and error process, sometimes referred to as ''traditional fisheries management'', where solutions to problems are addressed as they become dire, and result from complex and iterative social negotiations (McClanahan and Castilla 2007). Despite the use of the word traditional, all of the fisheries had some form of government involvement, in some cases leading and in others following the actions of others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…We then asked a number of academic leaders associated with these fisheries to describe the fisheries and successes in terms of social, resource, and ecological organization around the fishery (McClanahan and Castilla 2007). These fisheries were not a random selection but picked as examples of progress and further winnowed down by finding experts willing to describe the fishery and its management process and outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healing small-scale fisheries by facilitating complex socio-ecological systems

McClanahan

Castilla

White

et al. 2008

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

Self Cite

177

119

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The current global fisheries crises have immense implications for the health and viability of animal populations, as well as the ecosystems and habitats that support this biodiversity. These crises have provoked a wide variety of management solutions and alternatives that are closely aligned with other small-scale resource extraction conservation approaches, but have been analyzed separately from the common-pool resource management literature.We summarize findings from an analysis of progressive small-scale fisheries worldwide and find that solutions arise from a historical trial and error management process as problems become dire. We find high success in the social organization and regulation of resources among these progressive fisheries but poor evidence for improved ecosystems. Based on evidence provided by the most progressive fisheries, we suggest a change in policy towards the management of small-scale fisheries. This change includes four major avenues of problem solving that focus on facilitating socio-ecological processes rather than primarily promoting a high level of quantitative science and implementing findings, technological concepts, or tools. Adoption is often culturally and context specific and, therefore, the above often have poor success when not socially integrated. We encourage facilitating and catalyzing local-level adoption of rules that create limits to appropriation and technology, since it is increasingly recognized that such limits are key solutions to the threats. This will be achieved if policy and actions (1) encourage professionalism (formation of ''societies'', setting standards, certification, self-policing, appropriate technology, etc.), (2) create forums where all opinions about solutions, the status of targeted species, and environmental requirements are represented, (3) promote social rules that consider the realities and limits of the households and local social economy, and (4) craft solutions tailored to the specific and agreed upon diagnoses.

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“…Environmental uncertainty and climate change have also contributed to the degradation of fisheries resources (Badjeck et al 2010;Brander 2010). More importantly, the ineffectiveness of the management systems has been widely accepted as one of the main causes of fisheries collapse (Defeo et al 2007;Pomeroy et al 2007;Cardinale & Svedäng 2008;Longhurst 2010;Pitcher & Lam 2010;O'Leary et al 2011). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fisheries co-management in Vietnam: From theory to practice. Case study in Tam Giang Lagoon

Ho¹

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Rapid declines in common pool resources worldwide have been a driver to shift fisheries management from government to co-management. During the last few decades, theoretical and practical issues of fisheries co-management have been widely documented, yet the building and implementation of fisheries co-management in developing country contexts, where co-management processes have been influenced by external agencies, has not been adequately addressed. This research aims to contribute to understanding about how co-management works in a developing country and to building successful fisheries co-management in Vietnam.In particular, it investigates how fisheries co-management emerged and became arranged; it analyses the factors affecting the development and implementation of fisheries co-management and the outcomes of the co-management. This research was conducted in Tam Giang Lagoon, Vietnam where six nested case studies, fishing communities -represented by their Fishery Associations -were selected for the research. Data were collected from a survey (n=252) and 12 focus group discussions with fishers; semi-structured interviews with 27 people who were resource managers, co-management experts, project staff, policy makers and fishers; and secondary data where available. The findings show that (1) Comanagement in Tam Giang Lagoon was arranged between fishers' organizations (Fishery Association -FA) and district government, with low involvement of the provincial level of government, which is responsible for fisheries policy, planning and legislation, in co-management processes. Co-management has evolved incrementally as a response to problems, rather than co-management being a consciously designed or negotiated system from the start. Further, the development of the co-management system was led by donor-funded projects and their involvement was crucial for starting co-management in the lagoon. However, the dominance of their project teams in building the co-management has left government in a passive position. The low participation of government in co-management processes, poor cooperation between the many different donor-funded projects, and lack of appropriate exit strategies of the projects, have resulted in an unsustainable and inconsistent co-management system. (2) Co-management has offered the opportunity to shift the fisheries governance into a new era where power can be ii shared between government and fishers. However as the national and provincial legislative framework has lagged behind the co-management progress, fishers are unable to exercise the shared powers and this makes the fishers' powers nominal rather than actual. Given that fisheries co-management is in its infancy in Vietnam and is still under development, the findings of this research are useful for government at different levels to build successful co-management systems in Vietnam. It also implies a need for the government to conduct an overview of the co-management system to gain the lessons and experiences from what has been done so far,...

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A Brief History of Fisheries Management with Emphasis on Societal Participatory Roles

Cited by 11 publications

References 81 publications

Coping Strategies to Deal with Environmental Variability and Extreme Climatic Events in the Peruvian Anchovy Fishery

Coping Strategies to Deal with Environmental Variability and Extreme Climatic Events in the Peruvian Anchovy Fishery

Healing small-scale fisheries by facilitating complex socio-ecological systems

Fisheries co-management in Vietnam: From theory to practice. Case study in Tam Giang Lagoon

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