“…We developed a DGBL design model for history learning after reviewing previous studies, which indicate that DGBL software should have two main components, pedagogical and game. For pedagogical component, DGBL include 8 elements: engagement [14] [17][18], learning goal determination [17][18][19][20], motivation [17][18][19] [21][22], critical thinking [17][18], psychological needs [17], explorations [17], challenge [3] and competition [17][18][19][20]. For game design component, history DGBL software applied 12 elements of game design: feedback [3] [17][18] [21], fantasy [3], fun [14] [18], rules [19], entertainment [19][20], immersive [8] [18] [20], active participation [21], interaction [17], task [20], narrative [18][19], control [19] and imagination [19].…”