“…DNA triplexes are formed by the sequence-selective recognition of triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) toward DNA duplexes at the major groove. , It has been established that triplex DNAs have wide biological activities including regulation of gene expression, − initiation of DNA damage and apoptosis, − release of drugs, and even participation of cancer progression . In addition, with their structural uniqueness, triplex DNAs have been widely explored in molecular switches, − nanodevices, − DNA crystals, catalysis, and directing chemical reactions . Practically, triplex DNAs have also been employed as sensor elements for the recognition and analysis of nucleic acids, − proteins, ,, toxic metal ions, , pH, and bioactive small molecules. ,− Furthermore, versatile chemical modifications with DNAs diversify the triplex structures with promise even in cell manipulation.…”