A checklist of macrofungi (mushroom) diversity and distribution in the forests of Tripura, India

Abstract

The tropical region, which has the highest macrofungi diversity, has not been fully exploited instead of this is an important component of the global diversity. However, no work has been carried out to assess such diversity in Tripura. Since tropical forests are diverse in plant composition and structure, hence the objective of this study was to explore the mushroom species richness in Tripura, Northeast India with the aim of producing a checklist along with their present geographical distributions, key identification characters and valid photographs. Field surveys and collection of mushrooms were carried out in Tripura covering different sites during 2015–2018. Data on macrofungal diversity, distribution patterns and taxonomic identification were analyzed. A total of 217 wild mushrooms were documented from eight districts of Tripura, northeastern India. Out of 217 samples, 202 samples were identified up to the genus level, 125 samples were identified up to the species level. A total of 76 genera belonging to 60 families and 25 orders were classified in this ecological study. The majority of macrofungi belong to the family Polyporaceae (30 nos), and order Agaricales (103 specimens). The wild macrofungi were collected from 56 sites of eight districts of this state and the maximum macrofungi diversity was recorded from Sepahijala District. Present findings also observed that the maximum wild fungi of this state grow on different plant parts. This is the preliminary study on documentation of wild macrofungi from eight districts of Tripura, northeastern India and it will be used as a reference database of wild mushrooms of this state, which will also help in future research work in different fields.

A Checklist of Ascomycetous mushrooms from North Kashmir, India

“…These findings were in line with the results of our study were in we documented highest number of species belonging to order Pezizales. The findings of our study agreed with the studies of Debnath et al (2020) who prepared a checklist of macrofungi from the forests of Tripura, India where in authors reported and documented 217 species with majority of Basidiomycetes, followed by a smaller number of Ascomycetes mushrooms. In a similar studies Tapwal et al (2013) and Singha et al (2017) reported 30 and 71 species of macrofungi from different several regions of India.…”

“…Rainfall and the availability of decomposed organic waste are two examples of natural elements that have an impact on the distribution and abundance of wild macrofungi (Swapna et al 2008;Debnath et al 2017). The presence of mushrooms in plantation sites and forest beds indicates a direct relationship between the mushroom population and the physical health of the forest (Debnath et al 2017). During the current research maximium number of Ascomycetous mushrooms were recorded in rainy seasons which helps in decomposition of dead organic matter.…”

“…It was quite evident from the present study that majority of the documented macrofungi were extensively distributed in Kupwara district followed by Baramulla and least were reported from Bandipora district. Rainfall and the availability of decomposed organic waste are two examples of natural elements that have an impact on the distribution and abundance of wild macrofungi (Swapna et al 2008;Debnath et al 2017). The presence of mushrooms in plantation sites and forest beds indicates a direct relationship between the mushroom population and the physical health of the forest (Debnath et al 2017).…”

The Mycobiota Oak Forests of the Ural River Valley Within the West Kazakhstan Region

“…They are widespread in nature and are a permanent component of biogeocenoses [17,18]. As heterotrophic organisms, they take an active part in the biological cycle of substances and energy [19,20] Currently, the main commonly accepted characteristics of biodiversity are species composition, taxonomic structure and spatial organization.…”

Wild Mushroom Diversity of Rairangpur Forest Division, Odisha, India & Its Medicinal Uses

“…Such mushrooms flourish the forest floor well in the rainy season. Mushrooms are fleshy, spore bearing fruiting body of a fungus and are the major biological constituent in forest ecosystem [5]. From the ancient time wild mushrooms have been fulfilling the need of food and nutraceutical among the aboriginals.…”