A chemiresistive sensor array from conductive polymer nanowires fabricated by nanoscale soft lithography

Abstract

One-dimensional organic nanostructures are essential building blocks for high performance gas sensors. Constructing an e-nose type sensor array is the current golden standard in developing portable systems for the detection of gas mixtures. However, facile fabrication of nanoscale sensor arrays is still challenging due to the high cost of the conventional nanofabrication techniques. In this work, we fabricate a chemiresistive gas sensor array composed of well-ordered sub-100 nm wide conducting polymer nanowires using cost-effective nanoscale soft lithography. Poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) nanowires functionalized with different self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are capable of identifying volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at a low concentration range. The side chains and functional groups of the SAMs introduce different sensitivities and selectivities to the targeted analytes. The distinct response pattern of each chemical is subjected to pattern recognition protocols, which leads to a clear separation towards ten VOCs, including ketones, alcohols, alkanes, aromatics and amines. These results of the chemiresistive gas sensor array demonstrate that nanoscale soft lithography is a reliable approach for fabricating nanoscale devices and has the potential of mass producibility.

Gas Sensors Based on Chemi-Resistive Hybrid Functional Nanomaterials

“…1c) [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49]. Second, with hybrid material, more chemical/physical processes with different enhanced mechanisms could be introduced to precisely design, regulate, and enhance the sensing performance mainly through catalytic reaction with analyte [50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58], charge transfer [59][60][61][62][63], charge carrier transport [64][65][66] manipulation/construction of heterojunctions [39, 1 3 67], molecular binding/sieving [68][69][70][71][72][73], and their combinations [74][75][76][77].…”

“…Superb sensing performances were achieved by combining RT sensitivity of CP and good selectivity of SAM (Fig. 15f) [72]. Figure 16a shows the low cross-sensitivity to humidity and other interferon gases by refreshing the regenerative surface involving the interaction between facile redox fair (Tb 3+ /Tb 4+ ) and surface OH group (or water vapor) on SnO 2 .…”

Boron nanostructures obtainedviaultrasonic irradiation for high performance chemiresistive methane sensors

“…where DR is the maximum difference between responses in the hysteresis cycle measurement at the same concentration and Y is the overall maximum response in this particular cycle. 31 The hysteresis depth in the device was found to be $11.28% as calculated from Fig. 4(c).…”

Chemoresistive materials for electronic nose: Progress, perspectives, and challenges

“…F, Principal component analysis (PCA) result with plots of PC2 against PC1 for five types of VOCs: alkanes, amines, ketones, aromatics, and alcohols. G, PC2 plotted against PC1 for the sensor array while detecting vapors and mixture of ethanol and hexane (Reproduced with the permission of Reference . Copyright Royal Society of Chemistry, 2018)…”

“…Jiang et al developed an e-nose chemoresistive sensor with poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) nanowire by nanolithography. 112 Figure 13A shows an optical image of a nanowire chemoresistive sensor with deposited electrodes. As shown in Figure 13A, a conductive channel of 100 μm width is defined by depositing the electrode.…”