A clear north-to-south spatial gradience of chloride in marine aerosol in Chinese seas under the influence of East Asian Winter Monsoon

Liu, Junyi; Zhang, Tianle; Ding, Xiang; Li, Xiaoying; Liu, Yue; Yan, Caiqing; Shen, Yanjie; Yao, Xiaohong; Zheng, Mei

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154929

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Chloride is another significant inorganic component of aerosols, especially in sea spray aerosols (SSAs), which is used extensively as a tracer of marine air mass. − Besides, atmospheric chloride is also closely related to coal combustion, biomass burning, and waste incineration. − Here, we use SC as a proxy of chloride and detect the phase separation of DLT/SC aerosols.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation in Single Suspended Aerosol Microdroplets

Tong,

2023

Anal. Chem.

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Liquid−liquid phase separation (LLPS) is ubiquitous in ambient aerosols. This specific morphology exerts substantial impacts on the physicochemical properties and atmospheric processes of aerosols, particularly on the gas−particle mass transfer, the interfacial heterogeneous reaction, and the surface albedo. Although there are many studies on the LLPS of aerosols, a clear picture of LLPS in individual aerosols is scarce due to the experimental difficulties of trapping a single particle and mimicking the suspended state of real aerosols. Here, we investigate the phase separation in individual contactless microdroplets by a self-constructed laser tweezer/Raman spectroscopy system. The dynamic transformation of the morphology of optically trapped droplets over the course of humidity cycles is detected by the time-resolved cavity-enhanced Raman spectra. The impacts of pH and inorganic components on LLPS in aerosols are discussed. The results show that the increasing acidity can enhance the miscibility between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic phases and decrease the separation relative humidity of aerosols. Moreover, the inorganic components also have various impacts on the aerosol phase state, whose influence depends on their different salting-out capabilities. It brings possible implications on the morphology of actual atmospheric particles, particularly for those dominated by internal mixtures of inorganic and organic components.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation in Single Suspended Aerosol Microdroplets

Tong,

2023

Anal. Chem.

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“…The co-existing constituents (e.g., Cl − and NO 3 − ) in atmospheric waters may affect the transformation of S(IV) because of their importance in photochemical reactions [39][40][41]. Therefore, the effects of Cl − and NO 3 − on S(IV) transformation were investigated (Figure 3).…”

Section: Atmospheric Co-existing Ions Influence Sulfate Photosensitiz...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Triplet-Excited Dissolved Organic Matter Efficiently Promoted Atmospheric Sulfate Production: Kinetics and Mechanisms

et al. 2023

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Photochemical generation is an important pathway for atmospheric sulfate formation. However, the roles of atmospheric co-existing photosensitive dissolved organic matter (DOM) in sulfate formation are still unclear. The experimental results in this work provide evidence that atmospheric photosensitizers produce active intermediates to oxidize S(IV) into S(VI) under illumination. Quenching experiments of eight photosensitive model compounds (PS) demonstrate that their triplet-excited states (3PS*) dominate sulfate formation for the photosensitizing pathway with a contribution of over 90%, and 1O2 plays an important role in sulfate formation. The results using humic acid (HA) and water-soluble organic carbon in vehicle exhaust particles (WSOC) as representatives of atmospheric photosensitizers further verify that triplet-excited DOM (3DOM*) is the main reactive species for sulfate formation, which is consistent with the results of PS. Our findings provide new insights into the photochemical formation pathways of atmospheric sulfate.

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“…Therefore, the anthropogenic aerosols and dust-related aerosols in summer accounted for a relatively low proportion, corresponding to the increased proportion of CM aerosols (Figure 3). However, during the winter monsoon period, the prevailing northeasterly winds not only spread the continental pollutants (e.g., fossil burning, coal combustion, and biomass burning) from eastern, northern, and northeastern China [82,88], but also drove the dust transported from the Asian continent [80,82], leading to the contaminant enrichment over the coastal waters of the GBA and the NSCS (Figure 8j-l). Thus, the total proportion of anthropogenic aerosols and dust-related aerosols increased in winter (Figure 3).…”

Section: Horizontal Diffusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite-Observed Four-Dimensional Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Maritime Aerosol Types over the Coastal Waters of the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area and the Northern South China Sea

Liu

Qiu

et al. 2022

Remote Sensing

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Aerosol is important to climate and air pollution, and different aerosol types have a non-negligible impact on the environment and climate system. Based on long-term satellite lidar profiles from 2006 to 2020, the four-dimensional (x-y-z-t) spatiotemporal characteristics of different aerosol types, including clean marine (CM), dust (DU), polluted continental/smoke (PC), clean continental (CC), polluted dust (PD), elevated smoke (ES), and dusty marine (DM), over the coastal waters of the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) were revealed for the first time and compared to the surrounding northern South China Sea (NSCS). (1) The dominant aerosol types in both study areas were found to be CM, ES, and DM, whose proportions summed up to more than 85%. In spring, ES was the dominant aerosol type (>40%); in other seasons, CM dominated (>34%). The proportions of anthropogenic aerosols (PC, PD, and ES) and dust-related aerosols (DU, PD, and DM) were higher in spring and winter than in summer and autumn. (2) Vertically, the number of all aerosol types declined with increasing altitude, with the exception of abnormal increase at the heights of approximately 1.5–2.8 km in spring, which was probably attributed to the effect of local and regional anthropogenic pollutants. Below the height of 2 km, the main aerosol types were CM and DM, whereas ES, PD, and DU aerosols were dominant above 2 km. (3) Horizontally, the dominant aerosol types were spatially uniform in the lower atmosphere (<2 km), while higher altitudes (especially > 4 km) showed significant horizontal heterogeneity in space. The proportion of anthropogenic aerosols over the coastal waters of the GBA was higher than that over the NSCS, due to terrestrial pollution transportation. (4) In terms of the long-term trend, the proportion of CM aerosols was found to be steadily increasing, with the anthropogenic aerosols and dust-related aerosols showing a fluctuating and decreasing trend, which resulted from the enforcement of effective air pollution control policies. Overall, the terrestrial aerosol influence tended to decrease in the study areas. The insight into aerosol types and its variation will facilitate the understanding of the aerosol climate effects and pollutant control in the coastal waters of the GBA and the NSCS.

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A clear north-to-south spatial gradience of chloride in marine aerosol in Chinese seas under the influence of East Asian Winter Monsoon

Cited by 11 publications

References 73 publications

Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation in Single Suspended Aerosol Microdroplets

Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation in Single Suspended Aerosol Microdroplets

Triplet-Excited Dissolved Organic Matter Efficiently Promoted Atmospheric Sulfate Production: Kinetics and Mechanisms

Satellite-Observed Four-Dimensional Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Maritime Aerosol Types over the Coastal Waters of the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area and the Northern South China Sea

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