A clinical study of alveolar bone quality using the fractal dimension and the implant stability quotient

Abstract

PurposeIt has been suggested that primary implant stability plays an essential role in successful osseointegration. Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) is widely used to measure the initial stability of implants because it provides superior reproducibility and non-invasiveness. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the fractal dimension from the panoramic radiograph is related to the primary stability of the implant as represented by RFA.MethodsThis study included 22 patients who underwent dental implant installation at the Department of Periodontology of Seoul National University Dental Hospital. Morphometric analysis and fractal analysis of the bone trabecular pattern were performed using panoramic radiographs, and the implant stability quotient (ISQ) values were measured after implant installation using RFA. The radiographs of 52 implant sites were analyzed, and the ISQ values were compared with the results from the morphometric analysis and fractal analysis.ResultsThe Pearson correlation showed a linear correlation between the ISQ values of RFA and the parameters of morphometric analysis but not of statistical significance. The fractal dimension had a linear correlation that was statistically significant. The correlation was more pronounced in the mandible.ConclusionsIn conclusion, we suggest that the fractal dimension acquired from the panoramic radiograph may be a useful predictor of the initial stability of dental implants.

Effects of different loading protocols on the secondary stability and peri‐implant bone density of the single implants in the posterior maxilla

“…In recent studies, it was reported that RFA was a reliable tool for assessment of implant stability and ISQ value significantly correlated with other implant stability parameters such as insertion torque value, bone density, actual micro‐motion value, and fractal analysis . However, controversial results were also reported about the reliability of ISQ for the assessment of implant stability .…”

“…32,33 In this study, we used In recent studies, it was reported that RFA was a reliable tool for assessment of implant stability and ISQ value significantly correlated with other implant stability parameters such as insertion torque value, 11,19 bone density, 11,21 actual micro-motion value, 34 and fractal analysis. 35,36 However, controversial results were also reported about the reliability of ISQ for the assessment of implant stability. 37,38 Some factors can affect implant stability and ISQ recordings such as bone quality, shape of the implant, thread design, surface treatment, surgical technique and the experience of the surgeon.…”

Use of Fractal Analysis for the Discrimination of Trabecular Changes Between Individuals With Healthy Gingiva or Moderate Periodontitis

“…FD on periapical radiographs has been used as an identifier of the complex pattern of the alveolar bone surrounding the dentition 7 . The potential of fractal analysis, which has been proven to be independent of projection geometry, 9 has been found in numerous applications in several branches of dental practice related to the evaluation of the trabecular bone 10‐12 …”

“…7 The potential of fractal analysis, which has been proven to be independent of projection geometry, 9 has been found in numerous applications in several branches of dental practice related to the evaluation of the trabecular bone. [10][11][12] Many signs and symptoms of periodontitis can be diagnosed both clinically and with radiographs. However, no diagnostic method is currently available to demonstrate the initial stages of transition from gingivitis to periodontitis.…”

Fractals in dentistry

“…They found no correlation amongst them. However Lee et al [18], found a correlation between FD and the implant stability quotient (ISQ), the main output parameter from an Osstell TM device.…”