A compact modified monopole type internal antenna for wireless USB dongle application

Abstract

show, respectively, the HRV of signal detected at À2 dBm, À7 dBm, À12 dBm, À17 dBm, À22 dBm, and À27 dBm. The STD of each of these HRVs is calculated and stated in Table 3. The relative error in the STD of the HRV, between the original signals and the smoothed signals, is 0.65% when the total output power is À2 dBm, 1.27% when the total output power is À7 dBm, 16.15% when the total output power is À12 dBm, 18.5% when the total output power is À17 dBm, 20.33% when the total output power is À22 dBm, and 20.63% when the total output power is À27 dBm. This demonstrates the ability of the proposed system to detect the heartbeat rate and the HRV at power levels as low as À27 dBm. CONCLUSIONAt a distance of 1 m from a 27-years-old person, our system was used with the variation of two parameters: frequency and power. At a total output power of À10 dBm, the heartbeat signal was detected at several frequencies: 2.4 GHz, 5.8 GHz, 10 GHz, 16 GHz, and 60 GHz. As expected, higher sensitivity to small displacements is observed at higher frequencies. Operating at 2.4 GHz, the heartbeat signal was detected at À2 dBm, À7 dBm, À12 dBm, À17 dBm, À22 dBm, and À27 dBm. The ability to detect the heartbeat signal at a distance of 1 m with a total output power of À27 dBm can put forth new safer techniques for both patients and medical staff. For all performed experiments, the heartbeat rate, the HRV, and the STD of the HRV were extracted. Our system shows simplicity in terms of installation and incorporates the ability of tuning both frequency and power.Our future work will focus on determining the optimum frequency for the minimum possible transmitted power.ABSTRACT: Proposed within this document is a compact internal antenna intended for multiband operation. The antenna consists of two-pronged elements with two stubs and has a comparatively small volume of 16 mm  5 mm  1 mm. The measured return loss of the designed antennas was >10 dB for wireless broadband (WiBro), wireless local area network (WLAN), world interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), and satellite digital multimedia broadcast (S-DMB) frequency bands. A high-quality radiation pattern and a reasonable antenna efficiency were obtained within the desired frequency band.

A Novel Ultra-Wideband Antenna with Distributed Inductance for Wireless Usb Dongle Attached to Laptop Computer

“…However, some devices [1,12,17,18] have complex or three dimensional structures and high costs when mass-manufactured. The existing designs usually cover a few operating bands so that insufficient bandwidths are available to meet multiband operation requirements for future mobile data communications, especially for LTE700/GSM850/900 bands.…”

A triple band antenna for a wireless USB dongle

“…So as to obtain the various services operating in 2.4 GHz Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), wireless USB dongles acting as wireless adapters have been developed. For example, a single loop-coupled spiral antenna [1], an inverted-F antenna using four stubs [2], a monopole antenna employing two stubs [3], and a meander-line monopole antenna with a tuning stub [4] have all been studied. On the other hand, WiMAX has become a promising manner over WLAN because of its advantages in long service distance and low installation cost.…”

Stub‐loaded bent monopole antenna with independent frequency tuning capability for compact wireless USB dongles

“…A compact wireless universal series bus (WUSB) dongle, one of the novel portable devices, starts to provide wireless services based on a simple plug‐and‐play function [1]. Recently, various researches have been performed to implement multiband antennas suitable for WUSB dongle application [2–5]. The digital video broadcasting (DVB) antenna embedded within a plastic USB dongle housing is studied [2].…”

“…4, a planar hexaband antenna has been designed using a folded meander patch and monopole element to support the 3.5 GHz WiMAX band. As another USB dongle antenna, two monopole stubs are used on the backside of the substrate to cover the 5 GHz WLAN (5.15–5.825 GHz) band [5].…”