A comparative study of embryonic development of some bird species with different patterns of postnatal growth

Blom, Jonas Nygaard; Lilja, Clas

doi:10.1016/j.zool.2005.02.001

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In this latter species the prolonged development may allow wings and legs to reach a greater relative size at the end of the embryonic development. These different patterns may reflect different functional requirements (Blom and Lilja, 2005). Ontogeny of the fore limbs in the flightless emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) and ostrich (Struthio camellus) has a slight delay in development regarding the hind limbs and a severe reduction in growth rate (Blom and Lilja, 2005;Nagai et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These different patterns may reflect different functional requirements (Blom and Lilja, 2005). Ontogeny of the fore limbs in the flightless emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) and ostrich (Struthio camellus) has a slight delay in development regarding the hind limbs and a severe reduction in growth rate (Blom and Lilja, 2005;Nagai et al, 2011). In contrast, in the flying fieldfare (Tordus pilaris) the forelimb buds appear before the hind limb buds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bird species with rapid growth and development allocate a large proportion of its initial growth to rapid development of "supply" for organs such as the gastrointestinal tract and liver (Portmann, 1955;Blom and Lilja, 2005). As a consequence, the growth of other "demand" organs is relatively delayed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, bird species with slow early development of brain, muscle and skeleton ought to have a smaller calcium requirement than bird species with a more rapid early development of high calcium-consuming organs. In fact, altricial bird species typically hatch with small brains, immature muscles and poorly ossified skeletons, whereas precocial birds hatch with large brains, mature muscles and highly ossified skeletons (Blom and Lilja, 2005). Furthermore, altricial bird species on average grow three to four times faster than precocial bird species (Portmann, 1955).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparative embryonic prehatchling development between altricial and precocial birds has been poorly explored (Yamasaki and Tonosaki, 1988;Köppl et al, 2005;Ainsworth et al, 2009;Olea and Sandoval, 2012;Murray et al, 2013, Almeida et al, 2015 but this scarce information shows that growth rate is critical to characterize the development patterns and provides an excellent opportunity to analyze heterochronic events (Blom and Lilja 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterochronic events in the ontogeny of Columba livia, Coturnix coturnix, and Gallus gallus domesticus

Olea

Hernando

Lombardo

2016

Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu

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Heterochronic events in the ontogeny of Columba livia, Coturnix coturnix, and Gallus gallus domesticus ¤ Eventos heterocrónicos en la ontogenia de Columba livia, Coturnix coturnix y Gallus gallus domesticus Eventos heterocrônicos na ontogenia da Columba livia, Coturnix coturnix e Gallus gallus domesticus SummaryBackground: a series of events take place in a precise spatial and temporal context during the development of any organism. Typically, certain ontogenetic processes are consistent with the proper completion of previous events. Objective: to identify possible heterochronic events that may relate to altricial and precocious development patterns. Methods: we analyzed the ontogeny of three species of birds with two different development models: Columba livia (semialtricial 2), Coturnix coturnix, and Gallus gallus domesticus (precocial 2). The starts and endings of thirteen morphological events were compared, from hour 16 of incubation to the time of hatching. Results: while no differences in the sequence of developmental events were found, the events of the maturation stage in the altricial kind started earlier compared to the precocial species. Ontogenetic acceleration events in C. livia and C. coturnix explain how these species reach a level of morphological development similar to that of G. gallus domesticus, but with shorter incubation period. Conclusion: the results provide information not considered in the literature of the specialty about heterochronic events in early developmental stages of poultry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterochronic events in the ontogeny of Columba livia, Coturnix coturnix, and Gallus gallus domesticus

Olea

Hernando

Lombardo

2016

Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu

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Development of the Superaltricial Monk Parakeet (Aves, Psittaciformes): Embryo Staging, Growth, and Heterochronies

Carril

Tambussi

2015

The Anatomical Record

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Knowledge about the embryonic stages of birds is important in answering many questions about development and evolution. We give the first description of 41 embryological stages of the monk parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus) on the basis of external morphology and comparison with the chicken. We also provide measurements of some external morphological characters (i.e. body mass, crown-rump, beak, forelimb, and third toe lengths) and perform comparisons with other precocial and altricial birds with the aim of identifying heterochronous developmental features. The following differences in the development of characters in the monk parakeet when compared with other birds were found: (1) delay of the feathers primordia, (2) wing buds initially greater than leg buds, (3) forelimbs and hindlimbs with similar relative size, (4) retroversion of the toe IV, (5) ventral curvature of the upper jaw, (6) positive regressions between stages and beak length with acceleration and higher values and III toe lengths with deceleration and lower values in the monk parakeet compared to the chicken. The growth pattern of the monk paraket Myiopsitta monachus could be influenced by some heterochronic processes like postdisplacement, acceleration and/or deceleration. Results of this research allow the standard identification of stages in different species of parrots, recognize similarities and differences between precocial (the chicken) and altricial species (Myiopsitta), and provide planning data for future studies.

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Embryonic development of the emu, Dromaius novaehollandiae

Nagai¹,

Mak²,

Weng³

et al. 2010

Developmental Dynamics

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The chick, Gallus gallus, is the traditional model in avian developmental studies. Data on other bird species are scarce. Here, we present a comparative study of the embryonic development of the chick and the emu Dromaius novaehollandiae, a member of Paleognathae, which also includes the ostrich, rhea, tinamou, kiwi, and cassowary. Emu embryos ranging from Hamburger and Hamilton (HH) equivalent stages 1 to 43 were collected and their gross morphology analyzed. Its early development was studied in detail with time-lapse imaging and molecular techniques. Emu embryos in general take 2-3 times longer incubation time to reach equivalent chicken stages, requiring 1 day for HH2, 2.5 days for HH4, 7 days for limb bud initiation, 23 days for feather germ appearance, and approximately 50-56 days for hatching. Chordin gene expression is similar in emu and chick embryos, and emu Brachyury is not expressed until HH3. Circulation is established at approximately the 27-to 30-somite stage. Forelimb buds are formed and patterned initially, but their growth is severely retarded. The size difference between an emu and a chick embryo only becomes apparent after limb bud formation. Overall, emu and chick embryogenesis proceeds through similar stages, but developmental heterochrony between these two species is widely observed.

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A comparative study of embryonic development of some bird species with different patterns of postnatal growth

Cited by 34 publications

References 48 publications

Heterochronic events in the ontogeny of Columba livia, Coturnix coturnix, and Gallus gallus domesticus

Heterochronic events in the ontogeny of Columba livia, Coturnix coturnix, and Gallus gallus domesticus

Development of the Superaltricial Monk Parakeet (Aves, Psittaciformes): Embryo Staging, Growth, and Heterochronies

Embryonic development of the emu, Dromaius novaehollandiae

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