A comparative study on the nanoindentation behavior, wear resistance and in vitro biocompatibility of SLM manufactured CP–Ti and EBM manufactured Ti64 gyroid scaffolds

Ataee, Arash; Li, Yuncang; Wen, Cuie

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2019.08.008

Cited by 84 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The implant surface roughness fabricated using SLM technology (arithmetical mean roughness (Ra): 5–20 µm)) is smoother than the EBM (Ra: 20–50 µm) counterpart, because of its smaller laser spot size and thinner layer thickness (30–50 vs. 50–70 µm), smaller powder size (average diameter 30–50 vs. 60–80 µm), and lower energy input [ 94 , 95 ]. Many reports have proved that titanium and its alloys prepared using SLM and EBM methods improved the osseointegration [ 96 ]. Nevertheless, a common standard for the optimum roughness has not been introduced yet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Scale Surface Treatments of Titanium Implants for Rapid Osseointegration: A Review

et al. 2020

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The propose of this review was to summarize the advances in multi-scale surface technology of titanium implants to accelerate the osseointegration process. The several multi-scaled methods used for improving wettability, roughness, and bioactivity of implant surfaces are reviewed. In addition, macro-scale methods (e.g., 3D printing (3DP) and laser surface texturing (LST)), micro-scale (e.g., grit-blasting, acid-etching, and Sand-blasted, Large-grit, and Acid-etching (SLA)) and nano-scale methods (e.g., plasma-spraying and anodization) are also discussed, and these surfaces are known to have favorable properties in clinical applications. Functionalized coatings with organic and non-organic loadings suggest good prospects for the future of modern biotechnology. Nevertheless, because of high cost and low clinical validation, these partial coatings have not been commercially available so far. A large number of in vitro and in vivo investigations are necessary in order to obtain in-depth exploration about the efficiency of functional implant surfaces. The prospective titanium implants should possess the optimum chemistry, bionic characteristics, and standardized modern topographies to achieve rapid osseointegration.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Scale Surface Treatments of Titanium Implants for Rapid Osseointegration: A Review

et al. 2020

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“…In this line, Wang et al found good haemocompatibility, no dermal irritation and no skin allergic reaction of Ti-6Al-4V alloy with both EBM and SLM processes [184]. In another comparative study between EBM and SLM processes, it was observed that SLM manufactured commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) scaffolds presented higher cell viability and cell adhesion than EBM manufactured Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) scaffolds [185]. The surface finish of the printed parts is an important factor influencing biocompatibility, since it affects the cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation [38].…”

Section: Comparison Of the Am Techniques And Materials Used For Metalmentioning

confidence: 95%

Development of AM Technologies for Metals in the Sector of Medical Implants

Buj-Corral

Tejo-Otero

Fenollosa-Artés

2020

Metals

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Additive manufacturing (AM) processes have undergone significant progress in recent years, having been implemented in sectors as diverse as automotive, aerospace, electrical component manufacturing, etc. In the medical sector, different devices are printed, such as implants, surgical guides, scaffolds, tissue engineering, etc. Although nowadays some implants are made of plastics or ceramics, metals have been traditionally employed in their manufacture. However, metallic implants obtained by traditional methods such as machining have the drawbacks that they are manufactured in standard sizes, and that it is difficult to obtain porous structures that favor fixation of the prostheses by means of osseointegration. The present paper presents an overview of the use of AM technologies to manufacture metallic implants. First, the different technologies used for metals are presented, focusing on the main advantages and drawbacks of each one of them. Considered technologies are binder jetting (BJ), selective laser melting (SLM), electron beam melting (EBM), direct energy deposition (DED), and material extrusion by fused filament fabrication (FFF) with metal filled polymers. Then, different metals used in the medical sector are listed, and their properties are summarized, with the focus on Ti and CoCr alloys. They are divided into two groups, namely ferrous and non-ferrous alloys. Finally, the state-of-art about the manufacture of metallic implants with AM technologies is summarized. The present paper will help to explain the latest progress in the application of AM processes to the manufacture of implants.

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“…In recent years, many researchers have devoted their studies to 3D printing of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy for biomedical applications [44][45][46][47]. Recently, a few research papers have reported comparative studies between the two techniques to highlight the differences mostly in terms of corrosion resistance and fatigue life of SLM and EBM titanium samples [48,49]. Precisely, the surface defects of the SLM and EBM samples, which remained after Hot Isostatic Pressuring (HIPing)and machining, have been demonstrated as crucial for the stress concentration during fatigue tests, being the dominant mechanisms for lifetimes lower than 107 cycles [50,51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Laser Melting and Electron Beam Melting of Ti6Al4V for Orthopedic Applications: A Comparative Study on the Applied Building Direction

et al. 2020

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The 3D printing process offers several advantages to the medical industry by producing complex and bespoke devices that accurately reproduce customized patient geometries. Despite the recent developments that strongly enhanced the dominance of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques over conventional methods, processes need to be continually optimized and controlled to obtain implants that can fulfill all the requirements of the surgical procedure and the anatomical district of interest. The best outcomes of an implant derive from optimal compromise and balance between a good interaction with the surrounding tissue through cell attachment and reduced inflammatory response mainly caused by a weak interface with the native tissue or bacteria colonization of the implant surface. For these reasons, the chemical, morphological, and mechanical properties of a device need to be designed in order to assure the best performances considering the in vivo environment components. In particular, complex 3D geometries can be produced with high dimensional accuracy but inadequate surface properties due to the layer manufacturing process that always entails the use of post-processing techniques to improve the surface quality, increasing the lead times of the whole process despite the reduction of the supply chain. The goal of this work was to provide a comparison between Ti6Al4V samples fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) and electron beam melting (EBM) with different building directions in relation to the building plate. The results highlighted the influence of the process technique on osteoblast attachment and mineralization compared with the building orientation that showed a limited effect in promoting a proper osseointegration over a long-term period.

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A comparative study on the nanoindentation behavior, wear resistance and in vitro biocompatibility of SLM manufactured CP–Ti and EBM manufactured Ti64 gyroid scaffolds

Cited by 84 publications

References 55 publications

Multi-Scale Surface Treatments of Titanium Implants for Rapid Osseointegration: A Review

Multi-Scale Surface Treatments of Titanium Implants for Rapid Osseointegration: A Review

Development of AM Technologies for Metals in the Sector of Medical Implants

Selective Laser Melting and Electron Beam Melting of Ti6Al4V for Orthopedic Applications: A Comparative Study on the Applied Building Direction

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