A comparative study on the chloride effectiveness of synthetic rutile and natural rutile manufactured from ilmenite ore

Abstract

Studies on continuous and selective chlorination by using ilmenite have been actively conducted because the efficient removal of FeO from ilmenite(FeTiO3) ore using selective chlorination not only improves the reaction purity of TiCl4 but it also leads to price competitiveness compared to TiCl4 synthesized from natural rutile. The chlorination of synthetic rutile with FeO removed was compared with that of natural rutile to examine the reaction efficiency. The selective chlorination efficiency depends on the input amounts of coke and Cl2, as shown by thermodynamic calculation, when FeO is selectively removed. It was found that manufacturing of TiCl4 was easier by using the synthetic rutile, because it had greater porosity than natural rutile. Relatively greater pore volumes were found in the synthetic rutile than in natural rutile. It was confirmed that the reaction efficiency of chlorination for TiCl4 production was directly related to the difference in the porosity distribution between the titanium ores, as verified by a kinetic comparison of synthetic and natural rutiles.

Modeling for Simple Batch Distillation of Vanadium Oxychloride-Titanium Tetrachloride (VOCl3-TiCl4) Mixture

“…where, TC is the temperature at the top of the distillation column (℃). Total exchanged heat Q (W) through the distillation column can be calculated by (6).…”

“…Natural minerals (ilmenite, rutile, anatase, leucoxene, and brookite) and concentrated sources (titania slag and synthetic rutile) are used as titanium-bearing feedstocks for titanium processing [4,5]. Until now, metallic titanium and high-grade TiO2 were mainly produced from titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4)a product of chlorination of titanium sources [6]. However, impurities in raw material, were also chlorinated to the chloride compounds, result in a color change of crude TiCl4 from yellow to dark reddishbrown [7,8].…”

Comparative study of stages of titanium minerals formation in nature and experiment for “smart” materials industry

“…The second circumstance is the high cost of precursors used for synthesis [31,32]. А lot of publications in the field of synthesis of titanium materials indicate the interest of researchers in this direction [33][34][35][36]. What does synthesis give?…”

Technological mineralogy: development of a comprehensive assessment of titanium ores (exemplified by the Pizhemskoye deposit)

“…Particular importance is attached to research in which ilmenite-leucoxene sandstones are considered as promising sources of a number of minerals (Fe, Au, rare, including rare earths, high-purity quartz, etc.) [12,21,22], as well as expanding the list of industrial products based on natural titanium raw materials [23][24][25], new ideas in the field of their evaluation, considering granulometry, presence of mineral admixtures, and phase transformations under conditions of extreme impacts [26,27].…”