A Comparison of Montane and Lowland Rain Forest in Ecuador I. The Forest Structure, Physiognomy, and Floristics

Grubb, P. J.; Lloyd, Jon; Pennington, T. D.; Whitmore, T. C.

doi:10.2307/2257748

Cited by 230 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…A reduction in the number of species occurs with an increase in elevation due to the decrease in temperature. This happens both in temperate areas (Harrison et al 1989) and in tropical mountains (Grubb & Whitmore 1963;Proctor et al 1983;Hugget 1995). A possible explanation for this would be a decrease in decomposition rates proportionally to a decrease in temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relief influence on tree species richness in secondary forest fragments of Atlantic Forest, SE, Brazil

Silva¹,

Metzger²,

Bernacci³

et al. 2008

Acta Bot. Bras.

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RESUMO -(Influência do relevo na riqueza de espécies arbóreas em fragmentos de floresta secundária de Mata Atlântica, SE, Brasil). O objetivo deste trabalho foi explorar a relação entre a riqueza de espécies arbóreas com as características morfológicas do relevo no Planalto de Ibiúna (SE, Brasil). Foram amostrados 61 blocos de 0,30 ha, sistematicamente estabelecidos em 20 fragmentos de floresta secundária (2-274 ha) e em três áreas de uma floresta secundária contínua, a Reserva do Morro Grande (9.400 ha). Em cada bloco, 100 árvores com diâmetro à altura do peito > 5 cm foram amostradas pelo método do quadrante centrado, e as riquezas total e por grupo de dispersão e sucessão foram obtidas. O relevo foi caracterizado pela média e variância da declividade, altitude, orientação e posição na vertente. Não houve relação significativa entre a heterogeneidade do relevo e a riqueza de espécies arbóreas. Os parâmetros do relevo afetaram pouco a riqueza da vegetação, mas a altitude foi particularmente importante, especialmente na floresta contínua. Apesar da pouca extensão na variação de altitude (150 m), a riqueza aumentou com este fator. As áreas mais altas também foram aquelas com as maiores coberturas florestais e os mais baixos graus de perturbação, o que deve contribuir para a maior riqueza dessas áreas. Nossos resultados indicam uma influência indireta do relevo, pelo fato das áreas mais altas serem também as menos desmatadas, e não uma influência direta de fatores abióticos relacionados ao gradiente de altitude.Palavras-chave: relevo, riqueza e composição de espécies arbóreas, Mata Atlântica, uso da terra ABSTRACT -(Relief influence on tree species richness in secondary forest fragments of Atlantic Forest, SE, Brazil). The aim of this work was to explore the relationship between tree species richness and morphological characteristics of relief at the Ibiúna Plateau (SE Brazil). We sampled 61 plots of 0.30 ha, systematically established in 20 fragments of secondary forest (2-274 ha) and in three areas within a continuous secondary forest site, Morro Grande Reserve (9,400 ha). At each plot, 100 trees with diameter at breast height > 5 cm were sampled by the point centered quarter method, and total richness and richness per dispersal and succession class were obtained. The relief was characterized by the mean and variance of slope, elevation, aspect and slope location. There was no significant relationship between relief heterogeneity and tree species richness. Relief parameters generally did not affect tree richness, but elevation was particularly important especially in the continuous forest. Despite the limited range of altitudinal variation (150 m), species richness increases with elevation. The highest areas were also those with the largest forest cover and the lowest disturbance degree, which should contribute to the greater richness of those sites. Our results suggest an indirect influence of relief, due to the fact that deforestation is less intense in higher regions, rather than a direct influence of abiotic...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relief influence on tree species richness in secondary forest fragments of Atlantic Forest, SE, Brazil

Silva¹,

Metzger²,

Bernacci³

et al. 2008

Acta Bot. Bras.

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“…One of the first authors to use this methodology, Richard (1952), noted that plants of different families in a tropical forest depicted similar morphology while species of the same genera in temperate forests presented distinctive morphological characteristics. Further studies (Grubb et al, 1963;Gentry, 1969) provided support for Richard's hypothesis, showing that 50% of the species in the lowland tropical forests of Ecuador, Brazil, and Australia presented mesophyllous leaves while 95% of the plants in montane forests in Costa Rica had microphyllous leaves. Leaf morphology is also related to environmental gradients (Geeske et al, 1994) and foliar nutrient content (Sobrado and Medina, 1980;Peace and Macdonald, 1981;Körner et al, 1986;Medina et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Leaf morphology of 89 tree species from a lowland tropical rain forest (Atlantic forest) in South Brazil

Boeger

Alves

Negrelle

2004

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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“…The study site consisted of wet montane forest (bh-M, Holdridge classification 1967), which is classified as either tropical upper montane rainforest (Grubb et al 1963) or an upper montane forest (Whitmore 1998). The UTM area coordinates 643230 to 643740 W and 9493300 to 9490499 S, in the 17S zone The study area is characterised by irregular surfaces and steep slopes.…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earlier research and habitat descriptions for TMCF were provided by Grubb et al (1963), Stadtmüller (1987) and Hamilton (1995). Cloud forests are characterized by the presence of persistent or frequent fog or wind-driven cloud (Stadmuller 1987;Bruijnzeel and Veneklaas 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest biodiversity assessment in Peruvian Andean Montane cloud forest

Ledo

Condés

Alberdi³

2012

J. Mt. Sci.

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Cloud forests are unusual and fragile habitats, being one of the least studied and least understood ecosystems. The tropical Andean dominion is considered one of the most significant places in the world as regards biological diversity, with a very high level of endemism. The biodiversity was analysed in an isolated remnant area of a tropical montane cloud forest known as the "Bosque de Neblina de Cuyas", in the North of the Peruvian Andean range. Composition, structure and dead wood were measured or estimated. The values obtained were compared with other cloud forests. The study revealed a high level of forest biodiversity, although the level of biodiversity differs from one area to another: in the inner areas, where human pressure is almost inexistent, the biodiversity values increase. The high species richness and the low dominance among species bear testimony to this montane cloud forest as a real enclave of biodiversity.

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A Comparison of Montane and Lowland Rain Forest in Ecuador I. The Forest Structure, Physiognomy, and Floristics

Cited by 230 publications

References 36 publications

Relief influence on tree species richness in secondary forest fragments of Atlantic Forest, SE, Brazil

Relief influence on tree species richness in secondary forest fragments of Atlantic Forest, SE, Brazil

Leaf morphology of 89 tree species from a lowland tropical rain forest (Atlantic forest) in South Brazil

Forest biodiversity assessment in Peruvian Andean Montane cloud forest

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