A compliant actuator for steering the needle within tissue with feedback of FBG-based shape sensing

Two Decades' advancements and Research trends in needle-type Sensor technology: A scientometric analysis

“…For example, the biocompatibility of materials employed in needle-type sensors is critical to prevent adverse reactions in biological settings, such as in vivo devices. Furthermore, the still relatively large size of needle-like sensors compared to biological tissues, coupled with the lack of flexibility, may make them potentially harmful to the human body [ 59 ]. The cost and scale of production limit the widespread industrialization of MNs, which is another significant barrier to their adoption on a larger scale [ 60 ].…”