A comprehensive review of the bioactive components of sesame seeds and their impact on bone health issues in postmenopausal women

Arooj, Ammara; Rabail, Roshina; Naeem, Muhammad; Gökşen, Gülden; Xu, Baojun; Aadil, Rana Muhammad

doi:10.1039/d3fo00531c

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Although pharmacological options are available to counteract osteoporosis, considering the treatment duration for maintaining bone health during the postmenopausal period and the risks associated with the long-term use of estrogen therapy, it is clinically valuable to develop effective treatments with minimal side effects suitable for long-term use [17]. Therefore, dietary trends have been directed towards the utilization of health-protective and disease-preventive foods [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equol and Resveratrol Improve Bone Turnover Biomarkers in Postmenopausal Women: A Clinical Trial

Corbi

Nobile²,

Conti

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Estrogen deficiency is a major cause of loss of postmenopausal bone mineral density (BMD). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of equol and resveratrol on bone turnover biomarkers in postmenopausal women. Sixty healthy postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to receive 200 mg fermented soy containing 10 mg equol and 25 mg resveratrol or a placebo for 12 months. Whole-body BMD and bone turnover biomarkers, such as deoxypyridinoline (DPD), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b), osteocalcin, and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), were measured at baseline and after 12 months of treatment. At the end of treatment, DPD, osteocalcin, and BAP significantly improved in the active group (p < 0.0001 for all) compared to the placebo group. Conversely, TRACP-5b levels were unaffected by supplementation (p = 0.051). Statistically significant changes in the concentrations of DPD (p < 0.0001), osteocalcin (p = 0.0001), and BAP (p < 0.0001) compared to baseline were also identified. Overall, the intervention significantly increased BMD measured in the whole body (p = 0.0220) compared with the placebo. These data indicate that the combination of equol and resveratrol may positively modulate bone turnover biomarkers and BMD, representing a potential approach to prevent age-related bone loss in postmenopausal women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equol and Resveratrol Improve Bone Turnover Biomarkers in Postmenopausal Women: A Clinical Trial

Corbi

Nobile²,

Conti

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Only when the interaction between the two reaches a dynamic balance can the stability of the bone system be maintained (Kim et al., 2020). As the drugs for treating osteoporosis often have side effects, the anti‐osteoporosis ingredients in food are receiving increasing attention (Arooj et al., 2023; Su et al., 2022; Yue et al., 2022). Phytoestrogens are nonsteroidal compounds that are chemically similar to animal estrogens and can directly or indirectly bind to estrogen receptors, exhibiting certain estrogenic or anti‐estrogenic effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti‐osteoporosis effects of mammalian lignans and their precursors from flaxseed and safflower seed using zebrafish model

Yang,

Wu,

Zhuang

et al. 2023

Journal of Food Science

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Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) and tracheloside (TCL) are the main lignan components of flaxseed cake and safflower seed cake, which are by‐products of oil extraction. Both SDG and TCL are metabolized into mammalian lignan enterolactone (EL) with the involvement of intestinal bacteria. In this research, we evaluated the anti‐osteoporosis effects of SDG and the in vivo metabolites EL and enterodiol (ED) prepared in our previous work, as well as the newly isolated chemical constituents from safflower seed, including TCL, the lactone ring opening product of TCL (OTCL) and two alkaloids on the alloxan‐induced zebrafish model. All the compounds showed significant anti‐osteoporosis effects at 80 µM, with p < 0.05 for EL and p < 0.001 for other compounds compared with the model. SDG and TCL showed the most significant and concentration‐dependent effects, with p < 0.001 compared with model at 20 µM. The alkaloids, N‐coumaroylserotonin glucoside and N‐feruloylserotonin glucoside, also showed anti‐osteoporosis at 20 µM with p < 0.01, whereas EL, ED, and OTCL showed no significant effects. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction revealed that SDG and TCL upregulated the expression of osteogenic genes Runx2, SP7, OPG, Col1a1a, Alp, ON, OPN, and OCN in alloxan‐treated zebrafish. The in vivo metabolite of lignans, EL, showed significant anti‐inflammatory effect (p < 0.01) at 20 µM, which might also help to combat osteoporosis and other complications caused by excessive immune response in the body. The results provided scientific data for using the oil extraction by‐products as sources of anti‐osteoporosis compounds.Practical ApplicationThis study found that lignans in flaxseed cake and safflower seed cake exhibited anti‐osteoporosis effects by upregulating the expression of osteogenic genes, making the oil extraction by‐products sources of anti‐osteoporosis compounds.

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“…Sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum L.) contain a multitude of phenolic compounds, which exhibit beneficial effects on human health. Phenolic components, known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic activities, and, specifically, sesame lignans like sesamin and sesamolin have attracted large interest regarding their nutritional benefits for humans in conditions such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, diabetes, osteoporosis, arthritis and Alzheimer's disease [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. A number of studies with sesame oil have reported a reduction in oxidative stress and an increase in vitamin E levels [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fortification of Tahini with Natural Plant Origin Raw Materials on Its Bioactivity

Achilladelis,

Petsas,

Karantonis

2023

Applied Sciences

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Food fortification is a strategic approach to enhance the nutritional quality of food by incorporating bioactive compounds derived from food by-products. The objective of this study was to assess the impact on bioactivity of tahini enriched with a 4% (w/w) lyophilized microwave-ultrasound assisted extract of red grape pomace from the Limnio variety and a 6% (w/w) freeze-dried aquafaba obtained from Lemnian chickpeas of the Panagia variety. The evaluation was conducted through in vitro experiments. The samples under study were extracted by the Bligh and Dyer method and analyzed for their polyphenolic content, as well as for their content in total flavonoids. Assessment of the antioxidant capacity of the extracts was determined in vitro by the ABTS, DPPH, CUPRAC, FRAP and human blood plasma oxidation inhibition (hBPOxi) assays, while the antiplatelet activity of the extracts was determined by the Platelet Activating Factor inhibition assay (PAFi). The bioactivity of fortified tahini (LAC) was increased compared to plain tahini (Control sample). Total phenolics and total flavonoids were increased by 76% and 78%, respectively (10.7 ± 0.2 vs. 6.02 ± 0.3 and 8.5 ± 0.14 vs. 4.76 ± 0.1 μmol Trolox/g, respectively). Antioxidant activities based on ABTS, DPPH, CUPRAC, FRAP and hBPOxi were increased by 101%, 65%, 77%, 73% and 110%, respectively (52.8 ± 0.7 vs. 26.3 ± 0.4; 20.1 ± 1.6 vs. 12.2 ± 0.2; 81.9 ± 0.4 vs. 46.1 ± 2.1; 46.4 ± 4.0 vs. 26.8 ± 0.8; and 12.2 ± 0.9 vs. 5.8 ± 0.2 μmol Trolox/g, respectively), and antiplatelet activity based on PAFi was also increased by 41% (0.19 ± 0.01 vs. 0.32 ± 0.02 mg, respectively). Red grape pomace extract and aquafaba boosted tahini’s in vitro antioxidant and antiplatelet capabilities. The results indicate that the valorization of grape and chickpea processing residuals may reduce waste and improve the nutritional value of tahini. Due to its antioxidant and antiplatelet activities, fortified tahini may contribute to the prevention of chronic diseases where oxidation and thrombosis play critical roles. This study exemplifies sustainable resource use and waste reduction, as well as the importance of circular economy strategies in enhancing diets and human welfare.

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A comprehensive review of the bioactive components of sesame seeds and their impact on bone health issues in postmenopausal women

Abstract: Sesame seeds perform many therapeutic roles against many health issues especially related to bones because they possess rich contents of calcium, vitamins, proteins, oil, and carbohydrates. Using the PubMed, Science...

Cited by 8 publications

References 55 publications

Equol and Resveratrol Improve Bone Turnover Biomarkers in Postmenopausal Women: A Clinical Trial

Equol and Resveratrol Improve Bone Turnover Biomarkers in Postmenopausal Women: A Clinical Trial

Anti‐osteoporosis effects of mammalian lignans and their precursors from flaxseed and safflower seed using zebrafish model

Effect of Fortification of Tahini with Natural Plant Origin Raw Materials on Its Bioactivity

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