A consistent method for modelling PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations across the United Kingdom in 2004 for air quality assessment

Stedman, John; Kent, Andrew; Grice, Susannah; Bush, Tony; Derwent, R.G.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.07.048

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Some authors have used a gravimetric analysis of atmospheric particles to describe and control the toxicity of atmospheric contamination [22,23,24,25,26], since this could be associated with its composition or with the proportion of the fine fraction. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne Study of Grass Allergen (Lol p 1) in Different-Sized Particles

Linares

Guardia

Nieto‐Lugilde

et al. 2009

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: The Poaceae family is considered one of the main causes of pollen allergy in industrialized countries. The aim of this study is to establish the dynamics of the Poaceae allergens and determine their distribution in the different-sized particles in the atmosphere. Methods: The air of Granada (southern Spain) was sampled during the pollination period of Poaceae using a cascade impactor and a Hirst-type volumetric collector simultaneously. The sampled airborne allergens were analyzed by indirect ELISA and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Airborne pollen was evaluated with the Spanish Aerobiological Network methodology. Results:Poaceae pollen and allergenic activity have parallel dynamics during the period of maximum pollination, which is reflected in the positive correlations between the 2 variables. In addition, the highest Lol p 1 concentrations were recorded in particle sizes lower than 3.3 µm (stage 4-F). The Spearman correlation test showed that airborne allergens are not dependent on meteorological factors, such as humidity, wind direction or sunshine, however, Lol p 1 allergen correlated positively with Poaceae pollen. Conclusions: The results of the present study confirm that the Lol p 1 allergen is detected more frequently with pollutants than with coarse particles with similar dynamics and a positive correlation between airborne pollen and aeroallergens. Moreover, Lol p 1 is released in stable weather conditions without large changes in humidity or temperature.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne Study of Grass Allergen (Lol p 1) in Different-Sized Particles

Linares

Guardia

Nieto‐Lugilde

et al. 2009

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…1 mean concentration of 29.6 µg m −3 . In a similar approach, Stedman et al (2007) used a quadratic relationship between the number of days with PM 10 concentrations greater than 50 µg m −3 and the annual mean to derive an equivalent annual mean concentration of 31.5 µg m −3 . Hence we assess compliance with respect to an equivalent annual mean limit value of 30 µg m −3 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling street level PM<sub>10</sub> concentrations across Europe: source apportionment and possible futures

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Despite increasing emission controls, particulate matter (PM) has remained a critical issue for European air quality in recent years. The various sources of PM, both from primary particulate emissions as well as secondary formation from precursor gases, make this a complex problem to tackle. In order to allow for credible predictions of future concentrations under policy assumptions, a modelling approach is needed that considers all chemical processes and spatial dimensions involved, from long-range transport of pollution to local emissions in street canyons. Here we describe a modelling scheme which has been implemented in the GAINS integrated assessment model to assess compliance with PM 10 (PM with aerodynamic diameter < 10 µm) limit values at individual air quality monitoring stations reporting to the AirBase database. The modelling approach relies on a combination of bottom up modelling of emissions, simplified atmospheric chemistry and dispersion calculations, and a traffic increment calculation wherever applicable. At each monitoring station fulfilling a few data coverage criteria, measured concentrations in the base year 2009 are explained to the extent possible and then modelled for the past and future. More than 1850 monitoring stations are covered, including more than 300 traffic stations and 80 % of the stations which exceeded the EU air quality limit values in 2009. As a validation, we compare modelled trends in the period [2000][2001][2002][2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008] to observations, which are well reproduced. The modelling scheme is applied here to quantify explicitly source contributions to ambient concentrations at several critical monitoring stations, displaying the differences in spatial origin and chemical composition of urban roadside PM 10 across Europe. Furthermore, we analyse the predicted evolution of PM 10 concentrations in the European Union until 2030 under different policy scenarios. Significant improvements in ambient PM 10 concentrations are expected assuming successful implementation of already agreed legislation; however, these will not be large enough to ensure attainment of PM 10 limit values in hot spot locations such as Southern Poland and major European cities. Remaining issues are largely eliminated in a scenario applying the best available emission control technologies to the maximal technically feasible extent.

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“…It is estimated that using the gravimetric method, an average water content contribute to 20-35% of particle mass (Tsyro 2005, Stedman et al 2007). If other than reference method is used, an appropriate scaling factor must be used to assure equivalence.…”

Section: According To the Emep Estimates For The Year 2007 Poland Holmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the Spatial Distribution and Chemical Composition of PM10 Between the UK and Poland

Werner

Kryza

Dore

2013

Environ Model Assess

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The Fine Resolution Atmospheric Multi-pollutant Exchange Model was used to calculate the spatial distribution and chemical composition of PM 10 concentrations for two geographically remote countries in Europe -the United Kingdom (UK) and Poland -for the year 2007.These countries are diverse in terms of pollutant emissions as well as climate conditions. Information on the contribution of natural and anthropogenic as well as national and imported particles in total PM 10 concentrations in both countries is presented. The paper shows that the modelled national annual average PM 10 concentrations, calculated for the entire country area, is similar for the UK and Poland and close to 12 μg m -3 . Secondary inorganic aerosols dominate the total PM 10 concentrations in Poland. Primary particulate matter has the greatest contribution to total PM 10 in the UK, with large contribution of base cations. Anthropogenic sources predominate (81%) in total PM 10 concentrations in Poland, whereas natural prevail in the UK -hence, the future reduction of PM 10 air concentrations by emissions reduction could be more difficult in the UK than in Poland.

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A consistent method for modelling PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations across the United Kingdom in 2004 for air quality assessment

Cited by 30 publications

References 9 publications

Airborne Study of Grass Allergen (Lol p 1) in Different-Sized Particles

Airborne Study of Grass Allergen (Lol p 1) in Different-Sized Particles

Modelling street level PM<sub>10</sub> concentrations across Europe: source apportionment and possible futures

Differences in the Spatial Distribution and Chemical Composition of PM10 Between the UK and Poland

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A consistent method for modelling PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations across the United Kingdom in 2004 for air quality assessment

Cited by 30 publications

References 9 publications

Airborne Study of Grass Allergen (Lol p 1) in Different-Sized Particles

Airborne Study of Grass Allergen (Lol p 1) in Different-Sized Particles

Modelling street level PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations across Europe: source apportionment and possible futures

Differences in the Spatial Distribution and Chemical Composition of PM10 Between the UK and Poland

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Modelling street level PM<sub>10</sub> concentrations across Europe: source apportionment and possible futures