A cost comparison of fuel-cell and battery electric vehicles

Eaves, Stephen; Eaves, James

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.12.016

Cited by 114 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…It would be a mistake to force research to focus only on new technologies, on non-conventional resources, on renewable energies or, even worse, on illusory and misleading ideas such as the synthetic production of hydrogen fuel from water to serve as an energy carrier alternative to electricity (on hydrogen see Eaves and Eaves, 2004;Shinnar, 2003). We must invest also in research on mature technologies because small improvements in processing of large amounts of energy determine large primary energy savings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As free market rules favour distributed production of electricity, improvements in current long distance and capillary distribution grids are needed to maintain stability and reliability. If zero emission transportation in cities is to be pursued, rather than wasting resources to chase the mirage of an unsustainable hydrogen economy, we should finance research on lighter and faster rechargeable batteries for hybrid and electric cars, which at comparable performance are safer, cleaner, lighter, economical and intrinsically much more energy efficient on a well-to-wheel basis than hydrogen fuel-cell cars (even in an unlikely all renewable scenario, Eaves and Eaves, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

World energy consumption and resources: an outlook for the rest of the century

Beretta

2007

IJETM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Historical data on world energy consumption are discussed with reference to current data on energy resources and general correlations between per capita energy consumption in different countries and their level of social and economic development. A balanced scenario for the energy needs and primary resources consumption mix of the rest of the century is proposed and compared with proved and presumed primary energy reserves. The corresponding carbon dioxide production scenario is compared with global natural carbon exchanges and inventory. Complexity and actual dimensions of the global energy problem are emphasised, to note that out-of-context local energy policies are hardly effective.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

World energy consumption and resources: an outlook for the rest of the century

Beretta

2007

IJETM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is out of the scope of this analysis to model these effects, instead we use appropriate results from the literature. Similar to [32,28,33,35] we assume an average discharge/charge efficiency of 98% for Li-ion batteries used in BEVs on the NEDC. Targets set by car and battery manufacturers for calendar and deep-cycle life are typically about 10 years and 5000 cycles, respectively.…”

Section: Energy Consumption and Influence Of Vehicle Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At modest charging levels (3 kW) an AC/DC battery charger operates with an efficiency η ch of about 92% [32,33,35]. With this the plug-to-wheel energy consumption E ptw is…”

Section: Energy Consumption and Influence Of Vehicle Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Lightweighting in Battery Electric Vehicles

Hofer

Wilhelm

Schenler

2012

WEVJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents an analytic solution to find the optimal amount of lightweighting in a battery electric vehicle (BEV). The additional cost of lightweighting is traded off against the cost savings due to the smaller battery and motor required at constant performance and range. Current technology cost estimates indicate that for a medium sized BEV, optimal glider mass reduction is on the order of 450 kg in 2012 leading to estimated manufacturing cost reductions of 4.9%. Declining powertrain costs are expected to reduce the importance of lightweighting in minimizing BEV cost in the future, and rising electricity costs to increase the gap between the optimal solutions based on minimizing manufacturing versus total costs. The results are strongly dependent on the future development of lightweighting, battery, and electricity costs. The sensitivity of the optimal mass reduction to these critical parameters has been evaluated, and is shown to increase over time.

show abstract

“…One of the major bottlenecks to the commercialization of non-hybrid fuel cell vehicles is durability of a fuel cell stack that indirectly increases the cost [7]. Borup et.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-timescale modeling methodology for PEMFC performance and durability in a virtual fuel cell car

Mayur

Strahl

Husar

et al. 2015

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract.The durability of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is governed by a nonlinear coupling between system demand, component behavior, and physicochemical degradation mechanisms, occurring on timescales from the sub-second to the thousand-hour. We present a simulation methodology for assessing performance and durability of a PEMFC under automotive driving cycles. The simulation framework consists of (a) a fuel cell car model converting velocity to cell power demand, (b) a 2D multiphysics cell model, (c) a flexible degradation library template that can accommodate physically-based component-wise degradation mechanisms, and (d) a time-upscaling methodology for extrapolating degradation during a representative load cycle to multiple cycles. The computational framework describes three different time scales, (1) sub-second timescale of electrochemistry, (2) minute-timescale of driving cycles, and (3) thousand-hour-timescale of cell ageing. We demonstrate an exemplary PEMFC durability analysis due to membrane degradation under a highly transient loading of the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC).

show abstract

A cost comparison of fuel-cell and battery electric vehicles

Cited by 114 publications

References 3 publications

World energy consumption and resources: an outlook for the rest of the century

World energy consumption and resources: an outlook for the rest of the century

Optimal Lightweighting in Battery Electric Vehicles

A multi-timescale modeling methodology for PEMFC performance and durability in a virtual fuel cell car

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About