A critical update of experimental techniques of bulk and interfacial components for fluid characterization with relevance to well fluid processing and transport

Simon, Sébastien; Ruwoldt, Jost; Sjöblom, Johan

doi:10.1016/j.cis.2020.102120

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 228 publications

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“…The resins will remain adsorbed on silica and will be desorbed using a mixture of 50/50 toluene and acetone. , The extended SARA (E-SARA) fractionation technique has been proposed to address asphaltene fractionation issues rather than its solubility. By separating asphaltenes with respect to its adsorption interfaces (oil–water and oil–solid), E-SARA leverages the identification of the main chemical functions driving adsorption. , …”

Section: Basic Principles Of Emulsionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By separating asphaltenes with respect to its adsorption interfaces (oil−water and oil−solid), E-SARA leverages the identification of the main chemical functions driving adsorption. 43,44 Saturates are nonpolar hydrocarbon components with singlebonded carbon atoms (such as n-alkanes, i-alkanes, and cycloalkanes (naphthenes)). Paraffin waxes are alkanes that belong to the subclass of saturates.…”

Section: Basic Principles Of Emulsionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Properties of Crude Oil-in-Water and Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsions: A Critical Review

Sousa

Matos

Pereira

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Water and crude oil emulsions can be produced during oilfield operations. Since most oilfields are in the secondary or tertiary recovery stages, the amount of produced water is not negligible. Furthermore, enhanced oil recovery makes use of surfactants injection (chemical substances that lower the surface tension of the liquid) and polymer flooding (polymers are large molecules, composed of repeating blocks bounded together, which are injected to decrease the water–oil mobility ratio), leading to increased emulsion problems. Knowledge of fluid petrochemical properties and behavior is fundamental for designing the production system, transport infrastructures, and refinery layout. Depending on the fluid composition, the flow rate, and the PVT conditions, different physical behaviors and flow patterns will occur. Even though significant effort has been carried out to take a broader view of liquid–liquid models, there is a wide range of correlations to consider with different crude oil compositions and diverse field conditions. In this work, a critical review was carried out to assess the main principles that affect an emulsion, how the flow patterns are influenced by the water fraction, which equations can be used to estimate the main physical properties, and last what are the methods or techniques for identifying or characterizing an emulsion. As a result, a strong background in this matter is offered, and future research directions are synthesized.

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Section: Basic Principles Of Emulsionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Basic Principles Of Emulsionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of Crude Oil-in-Water and Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsions: A Critical Review

Sousa

Matos

Pereira

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Compared to the acoustic method, the pressure wave-based method has higher tolerance to background noise and longer propagation distance with less attenuation, which make it more suitable for remote monitoring. − Figure a and b illustrates the effect of different pipeline anomalies on the transient pressure wave signal. The determination of pressure wave transmission characteristics in multiphase flows and the development of relevant prediction models enable the application of pressure wave detection techniques to detect the multiphase flows in pipelines as well as the blockage and leak. − The various systematic studies on pipeline blockage monitoring and detection technology, including the basic research on the propagation characteristics of pressure waves in subsea pipelines, has also been conducted . Additionally, using the harmonics of pressure oscillations produced by the sinusoidal opening and closing of a downstream valve, the transfer matrix approach has been utilized to detect partial blockages in liquid pipelines .…”

Section: Hydrate Blockage Online Monitoring and Detection Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow Assurance of Hydrate Risk in Natural Gas/Oil Transportation: State-of-the-Art and Future Challenges

et al. 2023

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Deepwater oil and gas development is extremely difficult and challenging. One of the most critical challenges stems from hydrate deposition, aggregation, and the eventual blocking of the deepwater oil and gas transportation system. The low-temperature and high-pressure environment in the deepwater oil and gas field causes the combination of gas molecules and water molecules to form hydrate, thus affects the hydrocarbon transportation. In this Perspective, to discuss the commonly faced safety issues for deepwater oil, gas, and gas hydrate development, the following three critical problems are comprehensively summarized and analyzed. First, the mechanisms of phase transition, aggregation, and blockage of the hydrate in the multiphase transport system have been investigated from the microscopic perspective to macroscopic characteristics. Second, based on different theoretical models, the algorithms are discussed to introduce an online monitoring technique for hydrate blockage, which can detect the safety risks and provide early warnings. Furthermore, for hydrate blockage prevention and control, the active methods based on chemical injection and the passive methods based on the modification of physicochemical properties of pipeline surfaces are reviewed. Finally, an outlook is provided for the future development of deepwater oil and gas and for the schemes to mitigate hydrate blockage.

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“…Different techniques have been used to investigate the interfacial rheological behavior of asphaltene interfaces as reviewed by Simon et al, but it is not always clear if and when intrinsic material properties are measured. In particular for experiments with a significant dilatational or compressional deformation, the effects of compressibility and interface mechanics are often difficult to separate. − For interfaces such as dense asphaltene layers, the total interfacial stress can be written as being composed of an interfacial tension (or pressure) and an extra interfacial stress component, which arises due to deformations of the interface At a constant temperature ( T ), the state variable σ αβ will only depend on the surface concentration Γ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different techniques have been used to investigate the interfacial rheological behavior of asphaltene interfaces as reviewed by Simon et al, 32 but it is not always clear if and when intrinsic material properties are measured. In particular for experiments with a significant dilatational or compressional deformation, the effects of compressibility and interface mechanics are often difficult to separate.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Interfacial Activity of Insoluble Asphaltene Layers: Interfacial Rheology versus Interfacial Tension

Alicke

Simon²,

Sjöblom³

et al. 2020

Langmuir

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Asphaltenes have been suggested to play an important role in the remarkable stability of some water-in-crude oil emulsions, although the precise mechanisms by which they act are not yet fully understood. Being one of the more polar fractions in crude oils, asphaltenes are surface active and strongly adsorb at the oil/water interface, and as the interface becomes densely packed, solid-like mechanical properties emerge, which influence many typical interfacial experiments. The present work focuses on purposefully measuring the rheology in the limit of an insoluble, spread Langmuir monolayer in the absence of adsorption/desorption phenomena. Moreover, the changes in surface tension are deconvoluted from the purely mechanical contribution to the surface stress by experiments with precise interfacial kinematics. Compression “isotherms” are combined with the measurement of both shear and dilatational rheological properties to evaluate the relative contributions of mechanical versus thermodynamic aspects, i.e., to evaluate the “interfacial rheological” versus the standard interfacial activity. The experimental results suggest that asphaltene nanoaggregates are not very efficient in lowering interfacial tension but rather impart significant mechanical stresses. Interestingly, physical aging effects are not observed in the spread layers, contrary to results for adsorbed layers. By further studying asphaltene fractions of different polarity, we investigate whether mere packing effects or strong interactions determine the mechanical response of the dense asphaltene systems as either soft glassy or gel-like responses have been reported. The compressional and rheological data reflect the dense packing, and the behavior is captured well by the soft glassy rheology model, but a more complicated multilayer structure may develop as coverage is increased. Potential implications of the experimental observations on these model and insoluble interfaces for water-in-crude oil emulsion stability are briefly discussed.

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A critical update of experimental techniques of bulk and interfacial components for fluid characterization with relevance to well fluid processing and transport

Cited by 9 publications

References 228 publications

Properties of Crude Oil-in-Water and Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsions: A Critical Review

Properties of Crude Oil-in-Water and Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsions: A Critical Review

Flow Assurance of Hydrate Risk in Natural Gas/Oil Transportation: State-of-the-Art and Future Challenges

Assessing the Interfacial Activity of Insoluble Asphaltene Layers: Interfacial Rheology versus Interfacial Tension

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