A cross-sectional study of facial index in Western Uttar Pradesh population between 18-25 years of age

Abstract

Background: Facial anthropometry is the scientific study of measurements and proportions of the human face. There is huge paucity in the metric measurements of face in Indian population. This study is involved in collecting facial anthropometric data of Western Uttar Pradesh population of age group between 18-25 years.
 Aims and Objectives: This study aims at evaluating predominant facial phenotype, using facial height and facial width of Western Uttar Pradesh population as study subjects.
 Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 200 medical and paramedical students of Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences (SRMS-IMS), Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh. The study subjects were of 18-25 year’s age, belonging to Western Uttar Pradesh region. Digital Vernier Caliper was used to measure the facial parameters. The data was analyzed using statistical tool SPSS 16.0 version.
 Results: In the present study it is found that facial height and width are more in males compared to females. This difference is statistically significant. On analyzing facial index, hyperleptoprosopic face is the predominant phenotype in males as well as in females, followed by leptoprosopic type in males and mesoprosopic type in females. However, gender differences in facial index are not statistically significant at p<0.05. 
 Conclusion: The current study reveals that facial parameters can be used to determine the gender of an individual on the basis of height and width.

Evaluation and correlation between facial index and modified smile index in patients with class I malocclusion after orthodontic treatment

“…In euryprosopic faces, the facial index is lower, the face is short and wide with increased bizygomatic width and wide apical base. The facial index is higher in leptoprosopic faces, the face is long and narrow with reduced bizygomatic width, narrow apical base 2,3 .…”

“…Kod euriprozopičnih lica, facijalni indeks je niži, lice je kratko i široko, sa povećanom bizigomatskom širinom i širokom apikalnom bazom. Facijalni indeks je veći kod leptoprozopičnih lica, a lice je dugačko i usko, sa redukovanom bizigomatskom širinom sa uskom apikalnom bazom 2,3 .…”

A Study of Facial Index among Patients Visiting Orthodontics Department at Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan

“…There are diverse facial types that are of utmost significance in anthropology, forensics, anatomy and surgery. [1][2][3][4][5] Facial features are a hallmark of various racial and ethnic origins each having a distinctive trait of its own thereby assisting in their identification and also helping in reconstructive surgeries. Facial shape is also a sexually dimorphic trait thereby manifesting distinctive features amongst males and females.…”

“…Facial index values less than 79.9 and greater than 95 were categorized as hypereuriprosopic and hyperleptoprosopic respectively. 1,3,9,10 Henceforth, orthodontic treatment planning should be done taking into account the facial types, their ethnic disparity and gender dimorphism.…”