A Design Guide to Neutral Grounding of Industrial Power Systems: The Pros and Cons of Various Methods

El-Sherif, Nehad; Kennedy, Sheldon P.

doi:10.1109/mias.2018.2868355

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Floating grounds or high resistances grounds are used in missioncritical systems like maritime applications [42] to maintain operability via the LL DM voltage remains constant during a single LG fault. The downside is that ground faults are more difficult to detect due to the much lower, or nonexistent, steady-state fault current compared to hard grounded or low resistance grounded system [43,44].…”

Section: Line To Ground Capacitances In DC Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hardware-in-the-Loop Platform for DC Protection

Vygoder

Milton

Gudex

et al. 2021

IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron.

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Benigni (now with FZ-Juelich), for their collaboration of the past two years to help make this work possible. Without their inputs and efforts, much of this work, if not all, would have not been possible, and I have learned a lot through this collaboration. v 6 Real-Time Simulation Results 63 vi 6.1 Real-Time Simulation of Common Mode and +LG Fault in an Ungrounded dc System 6.2 Real Time Simulation of dc LL Fault with VSR Interfacing Converter. .. .. .. .

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Section: Line To Ground Capacitances In DC Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hardware-in-the-Loop Platform for DC Protection

Vygoder

Milton

Gudex

et al. 2021

IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron.

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“…However, a large fault current will be generated due to the fault circuit's small impedance, leading to potential fire hazards and arc‐flash. The ground potential would be raised from 0 to I f Z f and may result in step‐voltage issue [58], where I f and Z f are the fault current and the equivalent resistance of the fault point, respectively.…”

Section: Grounding Schemes For Ssts In Future Distribution Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As shown in Figure 10(c,d), the grounding schemes via a neutral impedance include several possible subtypes, i.e. low‐resistance grounding, low‐reactance grounding, high‐resistance grounding, high‐reactance grounding, and resonant grounding [49, 56, 58]. Although the ratio of I SLG /I 3Φ can be limited to between 5% to 25%, the high reactance grounding is not preferred because its excessive TOVs during an SLG fault would necessitate extra protection devices to be added.…”

Section: Grounding Schemes For Ssts In Future Distribution Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the sensitivity and selectivity of relay protections are restricted because of the small fault current magnitude. As power is allowed to be transferred continuously during the fault, these systems are required to have a high insulation level, which increases the initial cost [55,58,[60][61][62]. Low-reactance grounding is often used for managing high ground-fault currents in substations and generators with single-phase loads where voltage levels are below 600 V or above 15 kV.…”

Section: Grounding Schemes At the Mvac Portmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low-reactance grounding is often used for managing high ground-fault currents in substations and generators with single-phase loads where voltage levels are below 600 V or above 15 kV. It is largely replaced by the more modern resonant grounding schemes in today's distribution systems worldwide and is rarely used anymore [58,60]. Resonant grounding schemes are popularly adopted in countries and regions such as Italy, Northern and Eastern Europe, Israel, and China.…”

Section: Grounding Schemes At the Mvac Portmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overview of grounding schemes for solid‐state transformers in distribution networks

Zang

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2021

IET Generation Trans & Dist

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Proposed to be the critical enabling component for future distribution networks, solidstate transformers (SSTs) have drawn much attention lately. They have a massive potential to help reduce size and weight, improve efficiency, integrate microgrids, renewables and energy storages in distribution systems, and can fulfil multiple grid functions such as bidirectional power flow control, fault isolation, system reconfiguration, and post-fault restoration. The introduction of these power electronics devices in distribution systems, however, also brings new challenges to the grid. Extra levels of electromagnetic interference, stray current, and personnel safety are among the most prominent practical issues that proper grounding arrangements can address. In this paper, considerations that should be factored into the grounding scheme design for SST ports with different voltage forms and levels are thoroughly reviewed and summarised. The characteristics of various grounding schemes used in AC and DC distribution systems are evaluated and compared in detail from different perspectives. Based on the comprehensive review, several combinations of grounding schemes are recommended for typical SSTs. In addition, the inclusion of new relay protection devices in the SST grounding scheme design, considering their characteristics and unique requirements, to enhance protection and reliability is also discussed.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Grounding for Generators, UPSs, VSDs, and Instrumentation

2022

Grounds for Grounding

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A Design Guide to Neutral Grounding of Industrial Power Systems: The Pros and Cons of Various Methods

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

A Hardware-in-the-Loop Platform for DC Protection

A Hardware-in-the-Loop Platform for DC Protection

Overview of grounding schemes for solid‐state transformers in distribution networks

Grounding for Generators, UPSs, VSDs, and Instrumentation

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