A detailed physical map of the horse Y chromosome

Raudsepp, Terje; Santani, Avni; Wallner, Barbara; Kata, Srinivas R.; Ren, Chang E.; Zhang, Hongbin; Womack, James E.; Skow, Loren C.; Chowdhary, Bhanu P.

doi:10.1073/pnas.0403011101

Cited by 64 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Whether the broad distribution of these multicopy genes on the euchromatic long arm of the feline Y chromosome is evidence of convergently similar tandemly repeated ampliconic arrays seen in other species [4,15] must await further physical mapping and sequencing efforts. Notably, several mouse testis-specific genes (Ssty, Sly, and Asty) are each present in as many as 65 to 100þ copies on the long arm of the mouse Y chromosome [32,33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparative mapping studies have shown that most eutherian orders share a core set of conserved, X-degenerate, Y-borne genes [6,7,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Previous studies mapped eight of these to the feline Y chromosome [13], but efforts to isolate additional feline Y-borne loci were largely unsuccessful, primarily due to mammalian conserved X-Y primers preferentially amplifying only X-specific homologs in male cat DNA.…”

Section: Isolation and Mapping Of New Feline X-degenerate Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, however, all published comparative studies have focused on which human (or mouse) Y chromosome genes are present or not in other mammalian species [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. While these studies, particularly those in marsupials and monotremes [16][17][18][19][20], have been extremely useful in highlighting broader evolutionary patterns, there still exists a fundamental gap in our understanding of the novel gene content and processes by which Y chromosome genes have been acquired or lost in other major lineages of mammals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Gene Acquisition on Carnivore Y Chromosomes

Murphy¹,

Wilkerson²,

Raudsepp³

et al. 2005

PLoS Genet

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Despite its importance in harboring genes critical for spermatogenesis and male-specific functions, the Y chromosome has been largely excluded as a priority in recent mammalian genome sequencing projects. Only the human and chimpanzee Y chromosomes have been well characterized at the sequence level. This is primarily due to the presumed low overall gene content and highly repetitive nature of the Y chromosome and the ensuing difficulties using a shotgun sequence approach for assembly. Here we used direct cDNA selection to isolate and evaluate the extent of novel Y chromosome gene acquisition in the genome of the domestic cat, a species from a different mammalian superorder than human, chimpanzee, and mouse (currently being sequenced). We discovered four novel Y chromosome genes that do not have functional copies in the finished human male-specific region of the Y or on other mammalian Y chromosomes explored thus far. Two genes are derived from putative autosomal progenitors, and the other two have X chromosome homologs from different evolutionary strata. All four genes were shown to be multicopy and expressed predominantly or exclusively in testes, suggesting that their duplication and specialization for testis function were selected for because they enhance spermatogenesis. Two of these genes have testis-expressed, Y-borne copies in the dog genome as well. The absence of the four newly described genes on other characterized mammalian Y chromosomes demonstrates the gene novelty on this chromosome between mammalian orders, suggesting it harbors many lineage-specific genes that may go undetected by traditional comparative genomic approaches. Specific plans to identify the male-specific genes encoded in the Y chromosome of mammals should be a priority.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Isolation and Mapping Of New Feline X-degenerate Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Novel Gene Acquisition on Carnivore Y Chromosomes

Murphy¹,

Wilkerson²,

Raudsepp³

et al. 2005

PLoS Genet

Self Cite

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“…These males also displayed 97%-99% expression of the maternal X allele and 1%-3% leakage due to the biallelic expression of the genes in the pseudoautosomal region (PAR) (Supplemental Fig. S1; Raudsepp et al 2004). The allelic expression results obtained from hybrid males served as a control to demonstrate the lack of bias in our RNA-seq methods, SNP calling, and allelic expression analyses.…”

Section: No X Inactivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Random X inactivation in the mule and horse placenta

et al. 2012

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In eutherian mammals, dosage compensation of X-linked genes is achieved by X chromosome inactivation. X inactivation is random in embryonic and adult tissues, but imprinted X inactivation (paternal X silencing) has been identified in the extra-embryonic membranes of the mouse, rat, and cow. Few other species have been studied for this trait, and the data from studies of the human placenta have been discordant or inconclusive. Here, we quantify X inactivation using RNA sequencing of placental tissue from reciprocal hybrids of horse and donkey (mule and hinny). In placental tissue from the equid hybrids and the horse parent, the allelic expression pattern was consistent with random X inactivation, and imprinted X inactivation can clearly be excluded. We characterized horse and donkey XIST gene and demonstrated that XIST allelic expression in female hybrid placental and fetal tissues is negatively correlated with the other X-linked genes chromosome-wide, which is consistent with the XIST-mediated mechanism of X inactivation discovered previously in mice. As the most structurally and morphologically diverse organ in mammals, the placenta also appears to show diverse mechanisms for dosage compensation that may result in differences in conceptus development across species.

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“…This mechanism does not exist in Ciona intestinalis, and therefore it did not prevent the devel- Other recent genome studies involving domestic animals include a 1-Mb resolution radiation hybrid map of the canine genome (Guyon et al 2003); and a detailed physical map of the horse Y chromosome (Raudsepp et al 2004).…”

Section: Genome Variation In Eukaryotesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary change - patterns and processes

Salzano

2005

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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The present review considered: (a) the factors that conditioned the early transition from non-life to life; (b) genome structure and complexity in prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and organelles; (c) comparative human chromosome genomics; and (d) the Brazilian contribution to some of these studies. Understanding the dialectical conflict between freedom and organization is fundamental to give meaning to the patterns and processes of organic evolution.

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A detailed physical map of the horse Y chromosome

Cited by 64 publications

References 44 publications

Novel Gene Acquisition on Carnivore Y Chromosomes

Novel Gene Acquisition on Carnivore Y Chromosomes

Random X inactivation in the mule and horse placenta

Evolutionary change - patterns and processes

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