Vanadium
dioxide (VO2) is a strongly correlated electronic
material and has attracted significant attention due to its metal-to-insulator
transition and diverse smart applications. Traditional synthesis of
VO2 usually requires minutes or hours of global heating
and low oxygen partial pressure to achieve thermodynamic control of
the valence state. Further patterning of VO2 through a
series of lithography and etching processes may inevitably change
its surface valence, which poses a great challenge for the assembly
of micro- and nanoscale VO2-based heterojunction devices.
Herein, we report an ultrafast method to simultaneously synthesize
and pattern VO2 on the time scale of seconds under ambient
conditions through laser direct writing on a V5S8 “canvas”. The successful ambient synthesis of VO2 is attributed to the ultrafast local heating and cooling
process, resulting in controlled freezing of the intermediate oxidation
phase during the relatively long kinetic reaction. A Mott memristor
based on a V5S8–VO2–V5S8 lateral heterostructure can be fabricated and
integrated with a MoS2 channel, delivering a transistor
with abrupt switching transfer characteristics. The other device with
a VS
x
O
y
channel
exhibits a large negative temperature coefficient of approximately
4.5%/K, which is highly desirable for microbolometers. The proposed
approach enables fast and efficient integration of VO2-based
heterojunction devices and is applicable to other intriguing intermediate
phases of oxides.