A flame-retardant epoxy resin based on a reactive phosphorus-containing monomer of DODPP and its thermal and flame-retardant properties

Synthesis of a cross-linked triazine phosphine polymer and its effect on fire retardancy, thermal degradation and moisture resistance of epoxy resins

“…Comparing the reported work about the phosphorus containing flame retardants for epoxy resins [30,31], the PMTMPS possess higher flame retardant efficiency for epoxy resins because there are abundant triazine structure with excellent charring ability in the molecular structure of PMTMPS.…”

Synthesis of a novel phosphorus-containing epoxy curing agent and the thermal, mechanical and flame-retardant properties of the cured products

“…On the other hand, the char yield of EP-0 sample was 12.0 wt.% at 600 °C, while in flame retardant epoxy resins the char yield increased to 14.2-17.8% with the increasing of HP-1001-COOH content. This behavior may be attributed to the fact that the phosphorus-containing groups in HP-1001-COOH decomposed at early stages and formed a phosphorus-rich char layer, preventing further decomposition of the epoxy resins, leading to the decreased maximum-rate degradation, enhanced the thermal stability and higher char residue [11,36,37]. However, when the mass fraction of HP-1001-COOH exceeded 30 wt.%, the char yield began to decrease, probably due to the largely decreased crosslinking density of epoxy resins [38].…”

“…Among which, phosphorus-containing compounds are considered as an effective agent, thanks to its notable flame retardant efficiency [9][10][11]. Epoxy resins can be turned into flame resistance by either adding additive phosphorus-containing flame retardants or incorporating reactive phosphorus-containing flame retardants [12,13].…”

Flame Retardants and Environmental Issues

“…triphenyl phosphate (TPhP), tricresylphosphate (TCP), diphenylcresylphosphate (DCP), resorcinol-bis(diphenylphosphate) (RDP), bisphenol-A diphenyl phosphate (BADP) (Figure 3), which are mainly used as ame retardants for textiles, plastics, electronic equipment, furniture and construction [33,[39][40][41][42][43]. Furthermore, polyphosphates, phosphonate esters phosphonic acid (PA) and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) derivatives are also of commercial importance.…”