A glycoprotein from Porphyra yezoensis produces anti-inflammatory effects in liposaccharide-stimulated macrophages via the TLR4 signaling pathway

Abstract

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of a glycoprotein isolated from the alga Porphyra yezoensis in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. First, we extracted a novel material with antioxidant activity from P. yezoensis, confirmed by SDS-PAGE to be a glycoprotein, which we named P. yezoensis glycoprotein (PGP). PGP inhibited the production of NO and ROS and expression of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α and IL-1β, which are involved in the pathogenesis of many inflammation-associated human diseases, including septic shock, hemorrhagic shock and rheumatoid arthritis. Next, we determined the mechanisms behind the antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities of PGP. We focused on the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway because it is well-known to induce the pro-inflammatory proteins that trigger MAPK and NF-κB activation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative events. PGP treatment reduced the formation of the TLR4-IRAK4 and TLR4-TRIF binding complexes in response to LPS. Moreover, it inhibited LPS-induced activation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB by abrogating IκB phosphorylation. PGP also suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that PGP exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by modulating TLR4 signaling and thus inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and MAP kinases.

Marine algal natural products with anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties

“…Two Laurencia obtuse -derived C15 acetogenins, (12Z)-cis-maneonene-D and (12E)-cis-maneonene-E, mediated the apoptosis of neutrophils during the progression of inflammatory responses [58]. A Porphyra yezoensis glycoprotein exhibited anti-inflammatory effects in LPS -stimulated macrophages [59]. Two enone fatty acids of Gracilaria verrucosa, ( E )-10-Oxooctadec-8-enoic acid and ( E )-9-Oxooctadec-10-enoic acid, inhibited the production of the inflammatory markers nitric oxide, TNF-α, and IL-6 [60].…”

The proliferative effects of Pyropia yezoensis peptide on IEC-6 cells are mediated through the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway

“…Pyropia yezoensis is an important source of physiologically active substances that contain 25–50% protein and 25–40% carbohydrates based on dry matter weight (4). Pyropia yezoensis has been shown to exert biological effects, such as antitumor, anti-fatigue, blood pressure-reducing, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects (5,6). In a previous study, we examined a peptide from Pyropia yezoensis which stimulates the proliferation of IEC-6 cells by activating the insulin-like growth factor I receptor signaling pathway (7).…”

Quality Evaluation on Use of Camellia Oil as an Alternative Method in Dried Seaweed Preparation

“…In Japan, approximately nine billion nori sheets are produced per year and utilized for various culinary purposes (e.g., sushi, soups, and salads) ( 7 ). Nori has been gaining a great deal of attention due to its various biological activities (e.g., anti-allergic activity, chemoprotective activity, anti-inflammatory activity, and detoxification activity) ( 8 – 11 ). Nori is also known as a good source of polysaccharides, minerals, vitamins, and chlorophyll ( 10 ).…”