A highly sensitive and selective sensing ECL platform for naringin based on β-Cyclodextrin functionalized carbon nanohorns

Abstract

A new electrochemiluminescent sensing platform utilizing β-Cyclodextrin functionalized carbon nanohorns as an electrochemiluminescent amplification and sensing element was developed for sensitive detection of naringin with good specificity and excellent stability.

Recent advances in electrogenerated chemiluminescence biosensing methods for pharmaceuticals

“…β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), a cyclic oligosaccharide consisting of seven glucose units, has been widely used as a chiral selector to construct chiral materials for specific recognition of guest molecules for the enantioselective detection of amino acids enantiomers or chiral drugs. Three papers on ECL chiral sensors using different ECL reagents have been reported in recent years [82] , [83] , [84] , listed in Table 5 . Dai et al [82] developed a new ECL sensing platform utilizing β-CD functionalized carbon nanohorns (β-CD/CNHs) as an ECL amplification and sensing element for sensitive detection of naringin with good specificity and excellent stability.…”

“…Three papers on ECL chiral sensors using different ECL reagents have been reported in recent years [82] , [83] , [84] , listed in Table 5 . Dai et al [82] developed a new ECL sensing platform utilizing β-CD functionalized carbon nanohorns (β-CD/CNHs) as an ECL amplification and sensing element for sensitive detection of naringin with good specificity and excellent stability. The biosensor was fabricated by modifying β-CD/CNHs onto GCE.…”

“… Drugs/analytes Systems Linear ranges LOD (S/N = 3) Samples Ref. Naringin Decreasing ECL of luminol sensor β-CD/carbon nanohorns/GCE in PB (pH 8)-2.0 × 10 −5 M luminol 1 nM to 1 μM 0.8 nM Cough mixture [82] L-/ D -proline Enhancing ECL of Ru(bpy) 3 2+ chiral sensor β-CD-rGO/Ru(bpy) 3 2+ /AuNPs/Nafion/GCE 0.1–5.0 mM 25 μM L -pro – [83] 33 μM D -pro Penicillamine enantiomers Hb/Au-g-C 3 N 4 /GCE (−1.1 V~0 V) in 0.1 M PBS (pH 7.4)-1.0 mM K 2 S 2 O 8 0.10–5.0 mM 31 μM L - pen Tablet [84] 33 μM D-Pen Isoniazid Enhancing ECL of Ru(bpy) 3 2+ sensor MIP/Ru(bpy) 3 2+ / AuNPs/MWCNTs/GCE in 0.1 M PBS ( pH 7.0) 0.1–110 μg/mL 0.08 μg/mL Human urine and tablets [85] Methamphetamine Enhancing ECL of Ru(bpy) 3 2+ sensor MIP/Ru(bpy) 3 2+ /Nafion/MWCNTs/GCE in 0.1 M PBS (pH 8.0) 0.01 pM to 0.1 nM 4.0 fM Hidden drugs [86] Thifensulfuronmethyl Enhancing ECL of luminol Sensor MIP@SiO 2 NPs/ CHIT/GCE in 0.1 M KCl-0.5 μM luminol (pH 12.0) 0.5 nM to 0.1 μM 0.32 nM Sulfonylurea herbicides mixture [87] Heroin Enhancing ECL of Ru(bpy) 3 2+ sensor MIP/Ru(bpy) 3 2+ /Nafion/GCE in 0.1 M PBS ( pH 7.0) 0.01 pM to 0.1 nM 4.0 fM Urine and saliva [88] Diethylstilbestrol Signal-on, MIPs-CdS-Apt/SPCE (−1.1 V) in 5 mM H 2 O 2 30–100 ng/mL …”

Fabrication of single‐walled carbon nanohorns incorporated a monolithic column for capillary electrochromatography

“…Recent research also demonstrate the potential of SWCNHs in analytical communities, which are focused on modified electrodes, electrochemical sensors, sample concentration, etc. Diverse electrochemical sensors based on SWCNHs were fabricated for probing microcystin , naringin , glucose , dihydroxybenzene isomers (hydroquinone, catechol, and resorcinol) , myricetin and rutin , hydrazine , and aconitine . Apart from electrochemical sensing, SWCNHs also have shown strong adsorption and enrichment capabilities to various compounds such as 4‐nitrophenol , benzophenone‐3 , triazines , polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons , and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs .…”

Sensor Properties of Pristine and Functionalized Carbon Nanohorns

“…The multi‐redox features of Fullerenes allowed to develop nano‐electronic devices , electrochemical transducers and also biosensors . In addition, the derivatized and functionalized Fullerenes exhibited higher biocompatibility when compared with traditional/conventional materials, widely used in the past for drug delivery and gene transfection , resulting as an emerging molecular material , with a formidable appeal for NanoMedicine applications . Carbon nanotubes were discovered in 1991 by Iijima and also belong to the family of carbon allotropes.…”