A highly stable TiB2-supported Pt catalyst for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Yin, Shibin; Mu, Shichun; Pan, Mu; Fu, Zhengyi

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.05.033

Cited by 37 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The commonly used Vulcan XC-72R is electrochemically unstable at high potential, leading to corrosion after extended operation in acidic media. As the carbon corrodes, Pt nanoparticles agglomerate into larger particles and / or detach from the support material, consequently reducing the electrochemical surface area (ECSA) and catalytic activity ( 21 , 22 (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33). Various graphitized carbon support materials with special pore structures have also been explored, such as carbon nanotubes (CNT), nanofibers (CNF), nanohorns (CNH) and nanocoils, all showing promising results, although the costly and complex synthesis methods employed constitute a barrier to their introduction into market (34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphitic Carbon Nitride Materials for Energy Applications

et al. 2015

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Polymeric layered carbon nitrides were investigated for use as catalyst support materials for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and water electrolyzers (PEMWEs). Three different carbon nitride materials were prepared: a heptazine-based graphitic carbon nitride material (gCNM), poly (triazine) imide carbon nitride intercalated with LiCl component (PTI-Li+Cl-) and boron-doped graphitic carbon nitride (B-gCNM). Following accelerated corrosion testing, all graphitic carbon nitride materials were found to be more electrochemically stable compared to conventional carbon black (Vulcan XC-72R) with B-gCNM support showing the best stability. For the supported Pt, Pt/PTI-Li+Cl- exhibited the best durability with only 19% electrochemical surface area (ECSA) loss versus 36% for Pt/Vulcan. Superior methanol oxidation activity was observed for all gCNM supported Pt catalysts on the basis of the catalyst ECSA. Preliminary results on IrO2 supported on gCNM using a PEMWE cell revealed an enhancement in the charge-transfer resistance as the current density increases when compared to unsupported IrO2. This may be attributed to a higher active surface area of the catalyst nanoparticles on the gCNM support.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphitic Carbon Nitride Materials for Energy Applications

et al. 2015

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“…It exhibits good electrical (~10 5 S/cm) and high thermal conductivity (~65 W/mK), excellent thermal stability and corrosion resistance in acidic medium [114], and might be considered a promising candidate for PEMFC catalyst ceramic support. TiB2 was first reported in the context of fuel cells by Yin et al [115,116], who deposited Pt particles on TiB2 support by colloidal route. Before then, it was reported that smaller particle size leads to the agglomeration of particles and the loss of ECSA due to a higher specific surface energy.…”

Section: Titanium Diboridementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In several other studies, Pt/TiB2 was obtained not only by colloidal route [115][116][117] but also by carbo-thermal reduction [118,119].…”

Section: Titanium Diboridementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study showed that among the investigated pretreatments, the hydrogen peroxide pretreatment demonstrated the best results, producing a catalyst with about twice the ECSA compared to other pretreated samples, possibly due to the presence of TiO2. However, Roth et al [118] deposited Pt particles on TiB2 prepared via the carbo-thermal reduction method [116], and showed that although TiB2 exhibited good stability under normal cycling, its performance, denoted by power density, reduced much more rapidly (it showed less than half the power density after only 100 cycles) under actual fuel cell conditions (oxygen presence and an elevated temperature of 80 °C), claimed to be due to oxide formation which probably led to reduced conductivity.…”

Section: Titanium Diboridementioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Ceramic Supports for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Lori

Elbaz

2015

Catalysts

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Durability of catalyst supports is a technical barrier for both stationary and transportation applications of polymer-electrolyte-membrane fuel cells. New classes of non-carbon-based materials were developed in order to overcome the current limitations of the state-of-the-art carbon supports. Some of these materials are designed and tested to exceed the US DOE lifetime goals of 5000 or 40,000 hrs for transportation and stationary applications, respectively. In addition to their increased durability, the interactions between some new support materials and metal catalysts such as Pt result in increased catalyst activity. In this review, we will cover the latest studies conducted with ceramic supports based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, and some composite materials.

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“…Important compounds of this group, which show both electrical conductivity and high chemical and thermal stability, are tungsten carbide, titanium nitride and titanium diboride [16][17][18][19]. Decorated with Pt nanoparticles, all of them have demonstrated sufficient catalytic activity for the relevant electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the fuel cell cathode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Fuel Cell Tests for Stability Assessment—Suitability of Titanium Diboride as an Alternative Support Material

et al. 2014

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Carbon corrosion is a severe issue limiting the long-term stability of carbon-supported catalysts, in particular in the highly dynamic conditions of automotive applications. (Doped) oxides have been discussed as suitable alternatives to replace carbon, but often suffer from poor electron conductivity. That is why non-oxide ceramics, such as tungsten carbide and titanium nitride, have been discussed recently. Titanium diboride has also been proposed, due to its promising activity and stability in an aqueous electrochemical cell. In this work, Pt nanoparticles were deposited onto μm-sized TiB 2 particles with improved grain size, manufactured into porous gas diffusion electrodes and tested in a realistic polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell environment. In contrast to the model studies in an aqueous electrochemical cell, in the presence of oxygen and high potentials at the cathode side of a real fuel cell, TiB 2 becomes rapidly oxidized as indicated by intensely colored regions in the membrane-electrode assembly (MEA). Moreover, already the electrode manufacturing process led to the formation of titanium oxides, as shown by X-ray diffraction measurements. This demonstrates that Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) measurements in an aqueous electrochemical cell are not sufficient to prove stability of novel materials for fuel cell applications. OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2014, 7 3643

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A highly stable TiB2-supported Pt catalyst for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Cited by 37 publications

References 53 publications

Graphitic Carbon Nitride Materials for Energy Applications

Graphitic Carbon Nitride Materials for Energy Applications

Advances in Ceramic Supports for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Importance of Fuel Cell Tests for Stability Assessment—Suitability of Titanium Diboride as an Alternative Support Material

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