A Hybrid Architecture for Adaptive, Intelligent, and Ubiquitous Educational Systems

Abstract

Ubiquitous learning environments (ULEs) allow real and virtual study materials to be combined to enrich learning experiences. Classrooms equipped with electronic devices produce artifacts that can reconstruct the captured experiences for later use and review. Those environments have the potential to turn themselves into a factory of learning objects (LOs), which may become useless if appropriate means for reaching them are not provided to students. On the other hand, adaptive educational hypermedia (AEH) have appeared as a way of personalizing educational content in web environments and modern intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) provide personalized resources for automating pedagogical tasks. In this way, this chapter explores the concept of ULEs together with AEH and ITS for generating and providing personalized LOs to students. The proposed approach is grounded in artificial intelligence, pedagogical concepts, and computational systems technologies such as ontologies, Bayesian networks, learning styles, and ULEs for creating better individual learning experiences.

A low complexity heuristic to solve a learning objects recommendation problem

“…To this end, our approach considers a hybrid student model that combines an ontology and a Bayesian network dedicated to identify students' knowledge based on their characteristics and behavior during the learning process, as described in Araújo et al (2018b).…”

“…In addition, in this proposal a Ubiquitous Learning Environment (ULE), previously presented in Araújo et al (2017bAraújo et al ( , 2018b, records activities in an instrumented classroom, as shown in Fig. 1, with an electronic whiteboard, projectors, microphones and videocameras.…”

“…In this context, LOs have become an important tool to Fig. 1 Instrumented Classroom for Ubiquitous Learning Environment (Araújo et al 2018b) restructure pedagogical practices and improve learning experiences in advanced learning environments.…”

“…2 presents an architecture overview of this system. It combines Capture and Access concepts (a ubiquitous computing subarea) together with Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) concepts for providing personalized content to students (Araújo et al 2018b).…”

A Computational Architecture for Learning Objects Authoring and Personalization in Ubiquitous Learning Environments

“…The relevance R for an LO o is given by Eq. (1), as the sum of values obtained by o in each of the eight LS [Araújo et al 2018].…”