A kinetic study of free radical copolymerization of styrene/butyl acrylate

Fernández-Sanz, Marina; Madruga, Enrique López; Fernández-Monreal, Carmen

doi:10.1002/(sici)1521-3935(19990101)200:1<199::aid-macp199>3.0.co;2-l

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Because of the requirement of an accurate kinetic model suitable for describing the whole course of the copolymerization reaction, the copolymerization rate is another important aspect to assess. Whereas the controlled overall copolymerization rate of S with BA was practically independent of monomer feed composition, the conventional copolymerization rate was found to increase as the BA molar fraction in the feed increased 37. A similar trend to that illustrated in this work was described by Farcet et al,38 who used DEPN for S/BA miniemulsion copolymerization and found no appreciable variation in the copolymerization rate using 0.3 and 0.4 S molar fractions in the feed.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Consequently, the variation in the fraction of radicals with a BA terminal unit, ϕ BA , was rather low, between 0.038 and 0.002. However, although the value of k pBABA was 40 times higher than that of k pSS, 42–45 in conventional copolymerization of S with BA, the copolymerization rate increased approximately 1.5 times for a BA molar fraction in the feed between 0.2 and 0.8 37. Furthermore, taking into account the values of both k pBABA and k pSS and considering that K s is 35 times larger than K BA 17 the values of the apparent propagation rate constant of both S and BA must be similar; consequently, the slightly variation in ϕ BA and its effect on the copolymerization rate might be small and comparable with the experimental error.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

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Nitroxide‐mediated free‐radical copolymerization of styrene with butyl acrylate

Cuervo-Rodríguez

Bordegé

Fernández‐Monreal

et al. 2004

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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Controlled free‐radical copolymerization of styrene (S) and butyl acrylate (BA) was achieved by using a second‐generation nitroxide, N‐tert‐butyl‐N‐[1‐diethylphosphono‐(2,2‐dimethylpropyl)] nitroxide (DEPN), and 2,2‐azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) at 120 °C. The time‐conversion first‐order plot was linear, and the number‐average molecular weight increased in direct proportion to the ratio of monomer conversion to the initial concentration, providing copolymers with low polydispersity. The monomer reactivity ratios obtained were rS = 0.74 and rBA = 0.29, respectively. To analyze the convenience of applying the Mayo–Lewis terminal model, the cumulative copolymer composition against conversion and the individual conversion of each monomer as a function of copolymerization time were studied. The theoretical values of the propagating radical concentration ratio were also examined to investigate the copolymerization rate behavior. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 4168–4176, 2004

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Nitroxide‐mediated free‐radical copolymerization of styrene with butyl acrylate

Cuervo-Rodríguez

Bordegé

Fernández‐Monreal

et al. 2004

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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“…The copolymers of styrene (St) and n -butyl acrylate (BA) are important polymeric materials commercially utilized for the production of adhesive, coating materials, and paint because of its excellent physical and chemical properties. , The latex paints produced from these copolymers exhibited resistance to weathering and long-lasting color . These copolymers are industrially synthesized by emulsion polymerization, that is an extensively used process for manufacturing synthetic polymers today .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copolymerization of Biomass-Derived Carboxylic Acids for Biobased Acrylic Emulsions

Bohre

Ali

Ocepek

et al. 2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The production of biobased copolymers such as poly(styrene-co-butyl acrylate-co-methacrylic acid) for paints and coating applications is indispensable for the establishment of sustainable biorefineries, but it is challenging because of the utilization of fossil-based sources for the syntheses of methacrylic acid (MAA) from biomass. We have studied the catalytic decarboxylation of biobased itaconic acid, citric acid, and aconitic acid to MAA. Among different tested catalysts, the spinel BaAl12O19 chemical substance was found to grant an additional active catalysis, it optimized selectivity, and a 50% synthesis yield of MAA was achieved. The as-synthesized MAA vinyl monomer has been consequently utilized for the production of a chain-growth poly(St-co-BA-co-MAA) copolymer, industrially manufactured for coating, adhesive, and paint end-user applications. The latexes’ physical properties of bio-MAA-incorporated structured polymers have also been compared with a copolymerized commercial poly(St-co-BA-co-MAA) terpolymer, fabricated from petroleumbased MAA. The functional group distribution, measured molecular weight (M w), determined polydispersity index (Đ M), glass transition temperature (T g), and integrated solid content (w S) of copolymerization poly(St-co-BA-co-MAA) constituent units were comparable with benchmarks.

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“…reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer, pulsed‐laser polymerization, radical emulsion polymerization, iodide‐mediated radical polymerization, living anionic copolymerization, free radical copolymerization, successive photo‐induced charge‐transfer polymerization, atom transfer radical polymerization and nitroxide‐mediated polymerization. The copolymers containing polystyrene segments have been copolymerized using free radical polymerization with maleic anhydride, divinylbenzene,, methyl methacrylate,, hydroxyethyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, butyl acrylate,, acrylic acid, acrylic acid‐styrene sulfonic acid and vinyl acetate …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, properties and thermal stability of water‐soluble poly(potassium 1‐hydroxyacrylate‐co‐styrene) copolymer

Kumar

Negi

2017

Polymer International

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The present work investigates the structure properties of copolymers using thermogravimetric analysis, hot stage microscopy, static light scattering, field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and a Brookfield viscometer. Poly(potassium 1-hydroxyacrylate) (PKHA) is a water-soluble polymer. However, the copolymer of styrene and 2-isopropyl-5-methylene-1,3-dioxolan-4-one is not water soluble at equal molar ratio because the polystyrene reduces the solubility. The effect of styrene on poly(potassium 1-hydroxyacrylate-co-styrene) copolymer, i.e. poly(KHA-co-St), was investigated for the increasing solubility of the copolymer. The solubility was increased at a lower molar ratio of styrene such as 0.4 in the copolymer. It was found that the copolymer was soluble in water when a content ratio of 68/32 mol% of homopolymer was incorporated in poly(KHA 68 -co-St 32 ) copolymer as determined by NMR analysis. Also the poly(KHA 68 -co-St 32 ) copolymer was found to be salt tolerant, possessed water absorption capacity and was thermally stable up to 183 ∘ C. Moreover, it is shown that the polystyrene content plays a key role in the thermal stability of the copolymer.

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A kinetic study of free radical copolymerization of styrene/butyl acrylate

Cited by 15 publications

References 36 publications

Nitroxide‐mediated free‐radical copolymerization of styrene with butyl acrylate

Nitroxide‐mediated free‐radical copolymerization of styrene with butyl acrylate

Copolymerization of Biomass-Derived Carboxylic Acids for Biobased Acrylic Emulsions

Synthesis, properties and thermal stability of water‐soluble poly(potassium 1‐hydroxyacrylate‐co‐styrene) copolymer

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