A latent profile analysis of the typology of bulimic symptoms in an indigenous Pacific population: evidence of cross-cultural variation in phenomenology

Abstract

Background Previous efforts to derive empirically based eating disorder (ED) typologies through latent structure modeling have been limited by ethnic and cultural homogeneity of their study populations and their reliance on DSM-IV ED signs and symptoms as indicator variables. Methods Ethnic Fijian schoolgirls (N = 523) responded to a self-report battery assessing ED symptoms, herbal purgative use, comorbid psychopathology, clinical impairment, cultural orientation, and peer influences. Participants who endorsed self-induced vomiting or herbal purgative use in the past 28 days (n = 222) were included in a latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify unique subgroups of bulimic symptomatology. Results LPA identified a bulimia nervosa (BN)-like class (n = 86) characterized by high rates of binge eating and self-induced vomiting; and an herbal purgative class (n = 136) characterized primarily by the use of indigenous Fijian herbal purgatives. Both ED classes endorsed greater eating pathology and general psychopathology than non-purging participants, and the herbal purgative class endorsed greater clinical impairment than either BN-like or non-purging participants. Cultural orientation did not differ between the two ED classes. Conclusions The inclusion of study populations underrepresented in mental health research and broadening the scope of relevant signs and symptoms in latent structure models may increase the generalizeability of ED nosological schemes to encompass greater cultural diversity.

Latent class analysis of eating and impulsive behavioral symptoms in Taiwanese women with bulimia nervosa

“…Several studies have identified subgroups of individuals resembling those with BN that are characterized by binge-eating and purging symptoms in both clinical and community populations by using latent class analysis (LCA) [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] or latent profile analysis (LPA) [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. Latent class analysis seeks to identify the smallest number of identifiable latent classes (i.e., categories of a latent factor) that account for the association between three or more observed dichotomous and polychotomous variables [46,47].…”

“…Similarly, LPA is used to determine latent classes from observed continuous variables. Of those studies conducted with participants with bulimic symptoms, four have identified coherent groupings of patients on the basis of bulimic and purging symptoms [33][34][35]42], one on the basis of six impulsive behaviors [48], and three on the basis of psychological and interview measures of co-morbid psychopathology [37,38,45]. Among them, only one study replicated the previous multi-impulsivity bulimic classification empirically [48]; nevertheless, the issue of how behavioral symptoms of eating and impulsivity co-exist within individuals was seldom addressed in these studies.…”

Persepsi tubuh negatif meningkatkan kejadian eating disorders pada remaja usia 15-19 tahun

“…Terdapat 142 (70,6%) responden yang memiliki persepsi tubuh negatif. Hal ini tidak sesuai dengan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Thomas et al (22) bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki persepsi tubuh yang positif, hal ini mungkin disebabkan terdapat perbedaan kategori usia dengan yang dilakukan oleh peneliti yaitu pada penelitian Thomas et al (22) sebagian besar responden adalah dewasa muda dan memiliki kepercayaan diri yang tinggi sehingga dalam setiap kategori status gizi, sebagian besar memiliki persepsi tubuh yang positif. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti menyatakan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki persepsi tubuh yang negatif, hal ini didukung oleh penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Bully et al (23) , hal ini mungkin disebabkan pada penelitian Bully et al (23) dan penelitian ini sama-sama menggunakan kuesioner dan responden yang diteliti memiliki kategori usia yang sama yaitu pada kategori usia remaja.…”

Transtorno Alimentar Em Estudantes Negras De Salvador: A Relação Com a Imagem Corporal

“…Apenas Marisol citou uma dieta restritiva. O comportamento alimentar compulsivo vem sendo identificado como mais presente entre mulheres e homens negros com risco para transtorno alimentar em vários estudos internacionais [38][39][40] realizados para tentar compreender a diferença de manifestação dessa desordem entre grupos diversos etnicamente, enquanto a restrição alimentar vem sendo relacionada com as caucasianas.…”

“…Isso comunga com a ideia de Csordas, de que a abordagem fenomenológica, na qual "o corpo não é um objeto a ser estudado em relação à cultura, mas é o sujeito ou base existencial da cultura", 40 seria a mais interessante para entender o paradigma da corporeidade. Ele se baseia nas visões de Merleau Ponty sobre a percepção do corpo indo além da dualidade sujeito/objeto, visto que há sempre mais do que é possível perceber através dos olhos, e do entendimento de Bourdieu, de que o corpo socialmente informado, ou seja, o habitus, é o princípio gerador e unificador de todas as práticas sociais.…”