A longitudinal study of emoticon use in text messaging from smartphones

Tossell, Chad C.; Kortum, Philip; Shepard, Clayton; Barg-Walkow, Laura H.; Rahmati, Ahmad; Lin, Zhouchen

doi:10.1016/j.chb.2011.11.012

Cited by 169 publications

(133 citation statements)

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“…En otra investigación, Tossell et al (2012) centraron su estudio para comprender cómo los emoticonos eran empleados en los mensajes de texto. Analizaron, sobre todo, la diferencia de la variedad de los emoticonos y la frecuencia de su uso entre los hombres y mujeres que envían mensajes por redes sociales.…”

Section: Estudios Antecedentes Sobre El Uso De Emoticonos Y Emojis Enunclassified

¿Digo lo que siento y siento lo que digo? Una aproximación transcultural al uso de los emoticonos y emojis en los mensajes en CMC

Cheng

2017

Fonseca, Journal of Communication

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RESUMENEl uso de los emojis y emoticonos entre los usuarios de mensajería online es un fenómeno global y generalizado. El presente estudio analiza las preferencias entre los usuarios de unos emojis y emoticonos sobre otros con el fin de adecuar mejor la expresión de sus mensajes con la emoción que contienen. Lo hacen así para intensificar o difuminar la rigidez textual. También, para manifestar su propia empatía durante las interacciones del proceso comunicativo. Este trabajo analiza el uso de estos símbolos y elementos gráficos en el intercambio de mensajes online por medios sociales; a través de ellos los usuarios, según su diferente procedencia cultural, van a trasmitir aquellos estados emocionales que más se sientan afectados. Para ello, se han llevado a cabo estudios empíricos basados en un diseño metodológico que consta de dos fases de investigación: Un estudio piloto para la validación del instrumento investigador y un segundo estudio basado en encuesta. Los resultados observados indican que la procedencia cultural podría influir, hasta cierto punto, en el grado de expresividad de su gente a la hora de elegir entre 1) el uso de texto verbal único, 2) los elementos de signo en el teclado, 3) la inclusión de un emoticono o, 4) un emoji facial expresivo, cuando utilizan la mensajería online de medios y redes sociales para comunicar sus sentimientos o emociones.Palabras clave: CMC; emojis; emoticonos; SNS; TIC; variabilidad cultural. ABSTRACTThe use of emoticons and emojis among online messaging users has achieved a globalized level. This article aims at examining how certain emojis and emoticons are chosen by message senders to regular the intensity of emotions in their messages. Or, by means of using them, message senders wish to blur textual rigidity and show interaction empathy during the communication process. This study analyzes the use of these symbols and graphic elements in message exchange through CMC and SNS, where users from different culture background convey their feeling. For it, two empirical studies of a methodological design were carried out: One pilot study was intended for the research instrument validation. The second was a survey study. By testing online messaging habit, this study enabled the researchers to observe whether the senders inclined to linguistic text use only, or they preferred including an additional emoticon or emoji in their message to communicate their feelings. Results of this research show that, at a certain extent, massage senders' different culture background could influence on their emotional expressivity level.

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Section: Estudios Antecedentes Sobre El Uso De Emoticonos Y Emojis Enunclassified

¿Digo lo que siento y siento lo que digo? Una aproximación transcultural al uso de los emoticonos y emojis en los mensajes en CMC

Cheng

2017

Fonseca, Journal of Communication

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“…Computing, the internet, and wireless communications are converging (Suh, Lee and Park, 2012;Tossell et al, 2012;Chang and Chen, 2005), as evidenced by smartphone capabilities. According to Valenti (2010), many business professionals were first introduced to smartphones with the BlackBerry, a line of wireless handheld devices that support e-mail, mobile telephone, text messaging, Internet faxing, web browsing and other wireless information services as well as a multitouch interface (Mohelska, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating the role of conformity in innovative smartphones

Chen

Chang

Chen

et al. 2016

IJMC

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Adoption of innovative products such as smartphones may be due to a mixture of experienced considerations and psychological perceptions. By synthesising adoption theories through reinforcement of the role of conformity. This study explores user intention to adopt innovative smartphones in the Taiwan telecommunication market. The survey data is analysed using structural equation modelling which is based on the constructs of ease of use, compatibility, and relative advantage, analysis results indicate that informational conformity and normative conformity are positively related to the intention to use smartphones. Additionally, early adopters and early majority users have a higher likelihood of conformity driven by informational influence, while the late majority users display a higher tendency towards normative conformity. The results of this study significantly contribute to efforts of Elucidating the role of conformity in innovative smartphones 57 mobile communication operators to anticipate and predict a customer's intention to adopt smartphones, thus provides further insight into the development of marketing strategies for smartphones.

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“…Tossell et al (2012) sampled some 21 students, from diverse academic specializations, to participate in a quasi-experimental method that uses naturalistic and longitudinal approach of data collection. Participants in the survey were required to use the iPhones provided as their primary mobile phones throughout the period of the study.…”

Section: Emoticons and Computer-mediated Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, Huang et al (2008) studied emoticons with reference to IM too. A longitudinal survey was carried out by Tossell et al (2012) in order to figure out how emoticons are used in text messages and to understand the differences among genders when it comes to frequency of usage. The linguistic components of typographic emoticons in SMS language have been investigated (Amaghlobeli, 2012).…”

Section: Emoticons and Computer-mediated Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of research studies have signified the importance of nonverbal codes in comprehending "the meaning and nature of the message in F2F" (Argyle, 1988, in Tossell, Kortum, Shepard, Barg-Walkow, & Rahmati, 2012. A communication theory such as Social Presence Theory (SPT), for instance, has suggested that Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) is short of "contextual information" and that "the medium is disruptive for understanding the content and nature of messages" (Sproull & Liesler, 1986;Walther, 1992;Tossell et al, 2012, p. 659).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relevance of Emoticons in Computer-Mediated Communication Contexts: An Overview

Jibril¹,

Abdullah²

2013

ASS

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With the constant growth in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the last 50 years or so, electronic communication has become part of the present day system of living. Equally, smileys or emoticons were innovated in 1982, and today the genre has attained a substantial patronage in various aspects of computer-mediated communication (CMC). Ever since written forms of electronic communication lack the face-to-face (F2F) situation attributes, emoticons are seen as socio-emotional suppliers to the CMC. This article reviews scholarly research in that field in order to compile variety of investigations on the application of emoticons in some facets of CMC, i.e. Facebook, Instant Messaging (IM), and Short Messaging Service (SMS). Key findings of the review show that emoticons do not just serve as paralanguage elements rather they are compared to word morphemes with distinctive significative functions. In other words, they are morpheme-like units and could be derivational, inflectional, or abbreviations but not unbound. The findings also indicate that emoticons could be conventionalized as well as being paralinguistic elements, therefore, they should be approached as contributory to conversation itself not mere compensatory to language.

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A longitudinal study of emoticon use in text messaging from smartphones

Cited by 169 publications

References 13 publications

¿Digo lo que siento y siento lo que digo? Una aproximación transcultural al uso de los emoticonos y emojis en los mensajes en CMC

¿Digo lo que siento y siento lo que digo? Una aproximación transcultural al uso de los emoticonos y emojis en los mensajes en CMC

Elucidating the role of conformity in innovative smartphones

Relevance of Emoticons in Computer-Mediated Communication Contexts: An Overview

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