A lysine‐rich arabinogalactan protein in Arabidopsis is essential for plant growth and development, including cell division and expansion

Yang, Jie; Sardar, Harjinder S.; McGovern, Kathleen R.; Zhang, Yizhu; Showalter, Allan M.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-313x.2006.02985.x

Cited by 93 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…D, Maximum likelihood tree (MEGA) of Arabidopsis CL-EXT and AtLRX1 (chimeric CL-EXT). In C and D, numbers on the nodes represent support with 100 bootstrap replicates Yang et al, 2007Yang et al, , 2011 share 51% and 44.3% amino acid identity, respectively (Supplemental Fig. S1A).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pipeline to Identify Hydroxyproline-Rich Glycoproteins

et al. 2017

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Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are functional proteins that lack a well-defined three-dimensional structure. The study of IDPs is a rapidly growing area as the crucial biological functions of more of these proteins are uncovered. In plants, IDPs are implicated in plant stress responses, signaling, and regulatory processes. A superfamily of cell wall proteins, the hydroxyprolinerich glycoproteins (HRGPs), have characteristic features of IDPs. Their protein backbones are rich in the disordering amino acid proline, they contain repeated sequence motifs and extensive posttranslational modifications (glycosylation), and they have been implicated in many biological functions. HRGPs are evolutionarily ancient, having been isolated from the protein-rich walls of chlorophyte algae to the cellulose-rich walls of embryophytes. Examination of HRGPs in a range of plant species should provide valuable insights into how they have evolved. Commonly divided into the arabinogalactan proteins, extensins, and proline-rich proteins, in reality, a continuum of structures exists within this diverse and heterogenous superfamily. An inability to accurately classify HRGPs leads to inconsistent gene ontologies limiting the identification of HRGP classes in existing and emerging omics data sets. We present a novel and robust motif and amino acid bias (MAAB) bioinformatics pipeline to classify HRGPs into 23 descriptive subclasses. Validation of MAAB was achieved using available genomic resources and then applied to the 1000 Plants transcriptome project (www.onekp.com) data set. Significant improvement in the detection of HRGPs using multiple-kmer transcriptome assembly methodology was observed. The MAAB pipeline is readily adaptable and can be modified to optimize the recovery of IDPs from other organisms.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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“…However, their specific role in plants is still unknown [10]. A loss-of-function mutant in the Arabidopsis gene fasciclin-like arabinogalactan 4 (AtFLA4) displayed thinner cell walls and increased sensitivity to salinity [46].…”

Section: Function Of Genes With Elevated Expression In Sweet Sorghummentioning

confidence: 99%

Screen of Genes Linked to High-Sugar Content in Stems by Comparative Genomics

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Bruggmann

Messing

2008

Rice

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One of the great advantages of the fully sequenced rice genome is to serve as a reference for other cereal genomes in particular for identifying genes linked to unique traits. A trait of great interest is reduced lignocellulose in the stem of related species in favor of fermentable sugars as a source of biofuels. While sugarcane is one of the most efficient biofuel crops, little is known about the underlying gene repertoire involved in it. Here, we take advantage of the natural variation of sweet and grain sorghum to uncover genes that are conserved in rice, sorghum, and sugarcane but differently expressed in sweet versus grain sorghum by using a microarray platform and the syntenous alignment of rice and sorghum genomic regions containing these genes. Indeed, enzymes involved in carbohydrate accumulation and those that reduce lignocellulose can be identified.

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“…Historically, it was not possible to assign roles to individual AGPs, as tests were conducted with unfractionated mixtures of AGPs. More recently, individual AGPs, mainly from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), have been studied using techniques such as mutant analysis and gene knockout/ silencing, providing evidence for roles of individual AGPs in cell expansion, root and seed regeneration, the coordination of vascular development, both male and female gametogenesis, the development of cotton fibers, and as contributors to plant stem strength (Shi et al, 2003;van Hengel and Roberts, 2003;Acosta-García and Vielle-Calzada, 2004;Motose et al, 2004;Yang et al, 2007;Levitin et al, 2008;Coimbra et al, 2009;Li et al, 2010;MacMillan et al, 2010).…”

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A Chimeric Arabinogalactan Protein Promotes Somatic Embryogenesis in Cotton Cell Culture

2012

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Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) are a family of extracellular plant proteoglycans implicated in many aspects of plant growth and development, including in vitro somatic embryogenesis (SE). We found that specific AGPs were produced by cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) calli undergoing SE and that when these AGPs were isolated and incorporated into tissue culture medium, cotton SE was promoted. When the AGPs were partly or fully deglycosylated, SE-promoting activity was not diminished. Testing of AGPs separated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography revealed that the SEpromoting activity resided in a hydrophobic fraction. We cloned a full-length complementary DNA (cotton PHYTOCYANIN-LIKE ARABINOGALACTAN-PROTEIN1 [GhPLA1]) that encoded the protein backbone of an AGP in the active fraction. It has a chimeric structure comprising an amino-terminal signal sequence, a phytocyanin-like domain, an AGP-like domain, and a hydrophobic carboxyl-terminal domain. Recombinant production of GhPLA1 in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cells enabled us to purify and analyze a single glycosylated AGP and to demonstrate that this chimeric AGP promotes cotton SE. Furthermore, the nonglycosylated phytocyanin-like domain from GhPLA1, which was bacterially produced, also promoted SE, indicating that the glycosylated AGP domain was unnecessary for in vitro activity.

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A lysine‐rich arabinogalactan protein in Arabidopsis is essential for plant growth and development, including cell division and expansion

Cited by 93 publications

References 48 publications

Pipeline to Identify Hydroxyproline-Rich Glycoproteins

Pipeline to Identify Hydroxyproline-Rich Glycoproteins

Screen of Genes Linked to High-Sugar Content in Stems by Comparative Genomics

A Chimeric Arabinogalactan Protein Promotes Somatic Embryogenesis in Cotton Cell Culture

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