A markerless estimation of the ankle–foot complex 2D kinematics during stance

Sürer, Elif; Cereatti, Andrea; Grosso, Enrico; Croce, Ugo Della

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.01.003

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Along these lines, previous studies have worked on several marker-based and markerless techniques (using a single video camera) to perform quantitative gait analysis [6–9]. While these approaches simplify experimental setup and typically provide valid and reliable kinematic data [6, 8], they are often limited to off-line analysis of gait kinematics; thus, making it labor intensive during the processing phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliable sagittal plane kinematic gait assessments are feasible using low-cost webcam technology

2017

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Three-dimensional (3-D) motion capture systems are commonly used for gait analysis because they provide reliable and accurate measurements. However, the downside of this approach is that it is expensive and requires technical expertise; thus making it less feasible in the clinic. To address this limitation, we recently developed and validated (using a high-precision walking robot) a low-cost, two-dimensional (2-D) real-time motion tracking approach using a simple webcam and LabVIEW Vision Assistant. The purpose of this study was to establish the repeatability and minimal detectable change values of hip and knee sagittal plane gait kinematics recorded using this system. Twenty-one healthy subjects underwent two kinematic assessments while walking on a treadmill at a range of gait velocities. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and minimal detectable change (MDC) values were calculated for commonly used hip and knee kinematic parameters to demonstrate the reliability of the system. Additionally, Bland-Altman plots were generated to examine the agreement between the measurements recorded on two different days. The system demonstrated good to excellent reliability (ICC > 0.75) for all the gait parameters tested on this study. The MDC values were typically low (< 5°) for most of the parameters. The Bland-Altman plots indicated that there was no systematic error or bias in kinematic measurements and showed good agreement between measurements obtained on two different days. These results indicate that kinematic gait assessments using webcam technology can be reliably used for clinical and research purposes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliable sagittal plane kinematic gait assessments are feasible using low-cost webcam technology

2017

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“…To the best of our knowledge, only a paucity of studies have proposed ML methods for the estimation of the lower limb joint kinematics for clinical evaluations [20–24]. However, in the abovementioned studies, the analyses were either limited to a single joint [20, 21], or they lacked a validation against a clinically accepted gold standard [22, 23]. These limitations hampered the wide spread use of such techniques in clinical settings [4, 7, 9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 2D Markerless Gait Analysis Methodology: Validation on Healthy Subjects

Castelli

Paolini²,

Cereatti

et al. 2015

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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A 2D markerless technique is proposed to perform lower limb sagittal plane kinematic analysis using a single video camera. A subject-specific, multisegmental model of the lower limb was calibrated with the subject in an upright standing position. Ankle socks and underwear garments were used to track the feet and pelvis segments, whereas shank and thigh segments were tracked by means of reference points identified on the model. The method was validated against a marker based clinical gait model. The accuracy of the spatiotemporal parameters estimation was found suitable for clinical use (errors between 1% and 3% of the corresponding true values). Comparison analysis of the kinematics patterns obtained with the two systems revealed high correlation for all the joints (0.82 < R 2 < 0.99). Differences between the joint kinematics estimates ranged from 3.9 deg to 6.1 deg for the hip, from 2.7 deg to 4.4 deg for the knee, and from 3.0 deg to 4.7 deg for the ankle. The proposed technique allows a quantitative assessment of the lower limb motion in the sagittal plane, simplifying the experimental setup and reducing the cost with respect to traditional marker based gait analysis protocols.

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“…The technology used in previous studies has shown some limitations, since it is normally developed for and applied to the analysis of adults’ or children’s movements [ 33 ]. Markerless methods for the analysis of human motion have opened new possibilities for movement analysis, although initially it was mainly in two dimensions [ 20 , 21 , 34 ]. The analysis of infants’ movements may benefit substantially from markerless methods given the problems normally encountered in securely and safely positioning markers on their small body segments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Infants’ General Movements Using a Commercial RGB-Depth Sensor and a Deep Neural Network Tracking Processing Tool: An Exploratory Study

Balta

Kuo²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Cerebral palsy, the most common childhood neuromotor disorder, is often diagnosed through visual assessment of general movements (GM) in infancy. This skill requires extensive training and is thus difficult to implement on a large scale. Automated analysis of GM performed using low-cost instrumentation in the home may be used to estimate quantitative metrics predictive of movement disorders. This study explored if infants’ GM may be successfully evaluated in a familiar environment by processing the 3D trajectories of points of interest (PoI) obtained from recordings of a single commercial RGB-D sensor. The RGB videos were processed using an open-source markerless motion tracking method which allowed the estimation of the 2D trajectories of the selected PoI and a purposely developed method which allowed the reconstruction of their 3D trajectories making use of the data recorded with the depth sensor. Eight infants’ GM were recorded in the home at 3, 4, and 5 months of age. Eight GM metrics proposed in the literature in addition to a novel metric were estimated from the PoI trajectories at each timepoint. A pediatric neurologist and physiatrist provided an overall clinical evaluation from infants’ video. Subsequently, a comparison between metrics and clinical evaluation was performed. The results demonstrated that GM metrics may be meaningfully estimated and potentially used for early identification of movement disorders.

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A markerless estimation of the ankle–foot complex 2D kinematics during stance

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

Reliable sagittal plane kinematic gait assessments are feasible using low-cost webcam technology

Reliable sagittal plane kinematic gait assessments are feasible using low-cost webcam technology

A 2D Markerless Gait Analysis Methodology: Validation on Healthy Subjects

Characterization of Infants’ General Movements Using a Commercial RGB-Depth Sensor and a Deep Neural Network Tracking Processing Tool: An Exploratory Study

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