A Method for Recording Tendon Strain in Sheep During Locomotion

Kear, Mary; Smith, Renée

doi:10.3109/17453677508989277

Cited by 48 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…For many materials, the endurance limit occurs at about 30% of the ultimate tensile strength of the material [144]. In vivo research in a sheep model suggests that in the most stressful locomotion conditions observed, the strain experienced by lateral digital extensor tendons peaks at approximately 25% of their predicted ultimate strength [144,145]. However, the demands of many occupational tasks have loads well above this level, leading to tissue damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction of force and repetition on musculoskeletal and neural tissue responses and sensorimotor behavior in a rat model of work-related musculoskeletal disorders

Barbe

Gallagher

Massicotte

et al. 2013

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

118

178

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BackgroundWe examined the relationship of musculoskeletal risk factors underlying force and repetition on tissue responses in an operant rat model of repetitive reaching and pulling, and if force x repetition interactions were present, indicative of a fatigue failure process. We examined exposure-dependent changes in biochemical, morphological and sensorimotor responses occurring with repeated performance of a handle-pulling task for 12 weeks at one of four repetition and force levels: 1) low repetition with low force, 2) high repetition with low force, 3) low repetition with high force, and 4) high repetition with high force (HRHF).MethodsRats underwent initial training for 4–6 weeks, and then performed one of the tasks for 12 weeks, 2 hours/day, 3 days/week. Reflexive grip strength and sensitivity to touch were assayed as functional outcomes. Flexor digitorum muscles and tendons, forelimb bones, and serum were assayed using ELISA for indicators of inflammation, tissue stress and repair, and bone turnover. Histomorphometry was used to assay macrophage infiltration of tissues, spinal cord substance P changes, and tissue adaptative or degradative changes. MicroCT was used to assay bones for changes in bone quality.ResultsSeveral force x repetition interactions were observed for: muscle IL-1alpha and bone IL-1beta; serum TNFalpha, IL-1alpha, and IL-1beta; muscle HSP72, a tissue stress and repair protein; histomorphological evidence of tendon and cartilage degradation; serum biomarkers of bone degradation (CTXI) and bone formation (osteocalcin); and morphological evidence of bone adaptation versus resorption. In most cases, performance of the HRHF task induced the greatest tissue degenerative changes, while performance of moderate level tasks induced bone adaptation and a suggestion of muscle adaptation. Both high force tasks induced median nerve macrophage infiltration, spinal cord sensitization (increased substance P), grip strength declines and forepaw mechanical allodynia by task week 12.ConclusionsAlthough not consistent in all tissues, we found several significant interactions between the critical musculoskeletal risk factors of force and repetition, consistent with a fatigue failure process in musculoskeletal tissues. Prolonged performance of HRHF tasks exhibited significantly increased risk for musculoskeletal disorders, while performance of moderate level tasks exhibited adaptation to task demands.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction of force and repetition on musculoskeletal and neural tissue responses and sensorimotor behavior in a rat model of work-related musculoskeletal disorders

Barbe

Gallagher

Massicotte

et al. 2013

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

118

178

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show abstract

“…The anatomically opposing common digital extensor tendon (CDET) functions only to extend the distal limb prior to foot placement. This tendon is loaded only by muscular contraction during the swing phase of the gait, and experiences much lower peak strains than the SDFT, recorded to be 2.6% at the trot in the sheep forelimb lateral digital extensor tendon (Kear and Smith 1975). Exercise-induced injury of the CDET is rare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are the material properties and matrix composition of equine flexor and extensor tendons determined by their functions?

Batson

Paramour

Smith

et al. 2003

Equine Veterinary Journal

106

105

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“…Consequently, exercise-induced injury to energy-storing tendons is extremely common in both equine and human athletes (Gibbon et al, 1999;Williams et al, 2001). In the horse, the anatomically opposing common digital extensor tendon (CDET) is useful for comparison as it functions only to position the digit prior to weight-bearing, experiences significantly lower levels of strain and is rarely injured (Birch et al, 2008;Kear and Smith, 1975).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maturational alterations in gap junction expression and associated collagen synthesis in response to tendon function

et al. 2009

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A Method for Recording Tendon Strain in Sheep During Locomotion

Cited by 48 publications

References 10 publications

The interaction of force and repetition on musculoskeletal and neural tissue responses and sensorimotor behavior in a rat model of work-related musculoskeletal disorders

The interaction of force and repetition on musculoskeletal and neural tissue responses and sensorimotor behavior in a rat model of work-related musculoskeletal disorders

Are the material properties and matrix composition of equine flexor and extensor tendons determined by their functions?

Maturational alterations in gap junction expression and associated collagen synthesis in response to tendon function

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