A Microwave Sensor With Submillimeter Range Accuracy Using Spectrally Sparse Signals

Schlegel, Anton; Ellison, Sean M.; Nanzer, Jeffrey A.

doi:10.1109/lmwc.2019.2953214

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The signal processing of FMCW radar generally has an integral for the beat signal, and compared with the CW radar, the response speed is slower, but the integration can effectively eliminate random noise. The time complexity of the algorithm in this paper is consistent with [23,25], and better than [10,16].…”

Section: Motion Measurementsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…The performance of other works is shown in Table 4. It can be seen that the measurement accuracy of [16,22,23], is higher than this work. In [22], the measured distance is only 0.01 mm, it is applicable to the ultra-short distance measurement.…”

Section: Motion Measurementcontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…Ref. [23] uses a phase modulated radar which has an advantage in that multiple sensors could coexist without interference with each other; however, in the experiment, the target is measured at several fixed positions, the performance of motion measurement is not given, and the frequency band does not belong to ISM band.…”

Section: Motion Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

High Accuracy Motion Detection Algorithm via ISM Band FMCW Radar

2021

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The conventional frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar accuracy range detection algorithm is based on the frequency estimation and additional phase evaluation which contains Fourier transform and frequency refining analysis in each chirp, so it has the disadvantages of being computationally expensive, and not being suitable for real-time motion measurement. In addition, if there are other objects near the target, the spectra of the clutter and the target will be adjacent and affect each other, making it more challenging to estimate the frequency of the target. In this paper, the analytical expression of the Fourier transform of the beat signal is presented and it can be seen that spectrum leakage makes the phase of Fourier transform no longer consistent with the real phase of signal. The change regularities of real and imaginary parts of Fourier transform are studied, and the corrected phase of ellipse approximation is given in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. Accurate displacement can be obtained by accurate phase. The algorithm can filter the direct current (DC) offset which is mainly caused by stationary objects. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated by a radar system whose center frequency is 24.075 GHz and the bandwidth is 0.15 GHz; the measurement accuracy of displacement is 0.087 mm and the accuracy of distance is 0.043 m.

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Section: Motion Measurementsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Motion Measurementcontrasting

confidence: 54%

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High Accuracy Motion Detection Algorithm via ISM Band FMCW Radar

2021

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“…This finding not only yields improved delay estimation, but may also reduce system requirements as very large bandwidths can be synthesized using only two instantaneously narrow-band transmitters as opposed to a single wide-band transmitter which are often very difficult to design and calibrate to ensure a uniform power response across the entire operating bandwidth. This channelized approach to two-tone high accuracy delay estimation for range measurement was demonstrated experimentally in [24]. 3.…”

Section: B Two-way Time Transfermentioning

confidence: 97%

Wireless Picosecond Time Synchronization for Distributed Antenna Arrays

Merlo¹,

Mghabghab²,

Nanzer³

2022

Preprint

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Distributed antenna arrays have been proposed for many applications ranging from space-based observatories to automated vehicles. Achieving good performance in distributed antenna systems requires stringent synchronization at the wavelength and information level to ensure that the transmitted signals arrive coherently at the target, or that scattered and received signals can be appropriately processed via distributed algorithms. In this paper we address the challenge of high precision time synchronization to align the operations of elements in a distributed antenna array and to overcome time-varying bias between platforms due to oscillator drift. We use a spectrally sparse two-tone waveform, which obtains approximately optimal time estimation accuracy, in a two-way time transfer process. We also describe a technique for determining the true time delay using the ambiguous two-tone matched filter output, and we compare the time synchronization precision of the two-tone waveform with the more common linear frequency modulation (LFM) waveform. We experimentally demonstrate wireless time synchronization using a single pulse 40 MHz two-tone waveform over a 90 cm 5.8 GHz wireless link in a laboratory setting, obtaining a timing precision of 2.26 ps.

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“…To address the internode ranging (i.e. the term d in ( 1)), we previously investigated the use of spectrally-sparse waveforms for high-accuracy ranging, showing that a two-tone waveform obtains near-optimal ranging accuracy [33], [34]. Addressing the ambiguity challenges with a simple two-tone waveform, we previously investigated scalability approaches by developing a two-tone stepped-frequency waveform (TTSFW) [29], however it was found that the range estimates from direct matchedfiltering of the ranging waveform varied upon relatively fast movement of the nodes with a magnitude too great for reliable beamforming.…”

Section: Range Estimation Waveformmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Node Open-Loop Distributed Beamforming Based on Scalable, High-Accuracy Ranging

2022

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We present a distributed antenna array supporting open-loop distributed beamforming at 1.5 GHz. Based on a scalable, high-accuracy internode ranging technique, we demonstrate open-loop beamforming experiments using three transmitting nodes. To support distributed beamforming without feedback from the destination, the relative positions of the nodes in the distributed array must be known with accuracies below λ/15 of the beamforming carrier frequency to ensure that the array maintains at least 90% coherent beamforming gain at the receive location. For operations in the microwave range, this leads to range estimation accuracies of centimeters or lower. We present a scalable, high-accuracy waveform and new approaches to refine range measurements to significantly improve the estimation accuracy. Using this waveform with a three-node array, we demonstrate high-accuracy ranging simultaneously between multiple nodes, from which phase corrections on two secondary nodes are implemented to maintain beamforming with the primary node, thereby supporting open-loop distributed beamforming. Upon movement of the nodes, the range estimation is used to dynamically update the phase correction, maintaining beamforming as the nodes move. We show the first openloop distributed beamforming at 1.5 GHz with two-node and three-node arrays, demonstrating the ability to implement and maintain phase-based beamforming without feedback from the destination.

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A Microwave Sensor With Submillimeter Range Accuracy Using Spectrally Sparse Signals

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

High Accuracy Motion Detection Algorithm via ISM Band FMCW Radar

High Accuracy Motion Detection Algorithm via ISM Band FMCW Radar

Wireless Picosecond Time Synchronization for Distributed Antenna Arrays

Multi-Node Open-Loop Distributed Beamforming Based on Scalable, High-Accuracy Ranging

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