A modified analysis of the backward extrusion of internally circular-shaped tubes from arbitrarily shaped billets by the upper-bound elemental technique

Numerical Study of Backward Extrusion Process Using Finite Element Method

“…Fig. 20 illustrates the grid deformation for the backward extrusion of internally circular shaped tubes from hexagonal billets, using FE simulation as compared with previous experimental and theoretical results (Lee and Kwan, 1996). FE outcomes are closer to the experimental results than the upper bound solutions.…”

“…Another new kinematically admissible velocity field was proposed by Bae and Yang (1993-b) to determine the final-stage extrusion load and the average extruded height in the backward extrusion of internally non axisymmetric tubes from round billets. Lee and Kwan (1996) presented a modified kinematically admissible velocity field for the backward extrusion of internally circular-shaped tubes from arbitrarily shaped billets. From the proposed velocity field, the upper-bound extrusion load and average extruded height for regular polygonal shaped billets were determined with respect to the chosen parameters.…”

The analysis of distributions of effective strain and flow stress in longitudinal sections of cold backward extruded copper cans for different punch-face shapes

“…Cold backward extrusion of circular-shaped parts made from copper and aluminium and the design of the tooling have been reported in some studies [1,4,5,7,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Those covered both experimental and computer modelling investigations.…”

Evaluation of the Possibility of Performing Cold Backward Extrusion of Axisymmetrical Thinwalled Aluminum Die Stampings with Square Section / Ocena Możliwości Wyciskania Przeciwbieżnego Na Zimno Osiowosymetrycznych Wyprasek Z Cienką Ścianką O Przekroju Kwadratowym Z Aluminium

“…Cold backward extrusion of parts made form aluminum and the design of the tooling have been reported in some studies [1,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Those covered both experimental and computer modelling investigations.…”

“…Lee and Kwan [12] proposed a modified kinematically admissible velocity field for the backward extrusion of internally circular-shaped tubes from arbitrarily shaped billets. From the proposed velocity field, the upper-bound extrusion load and average extruded height for regular polygonal-shaped billets were determined with respect to the chosen parameters.…”