“…These kinematics, derived under the assumptions of a Stokes flow, lay the foundation for nearly all models used today. Extending Jeffery's theory to account for various internal or external effects, including Brownian effects [Chinesta (2013)], bending phenomena [Abisset-Chavanne, Férec, Ausias et al (2015)], particle inertia [Scheuer, Grégoire, Abisset-Chavanne et al (2018)], electrical forces [Perez, Abisset-Chavanne, Barinsiski et al (2015)], wall effects [Perez, Scheuer, Abisset-Chavanne et al (2016); Scheuer, Abisset-Chavanne, ] is readily achievable using a dumbbell representation of a rod [Bird, Curtiss, Armstrong et al (1987); Binetruy, Chinesta and Keunings (2015)]. Despite the richness of the possible descriptions at the microscopic scale, the computational effort to efficiently track millions of particles (as in scenarios of industrial interest) is in general unaffordable.…”