A multiple-shape memory polymer-metal composite actuator capable of programmable control, creating complex 3D motion of bending, twisting, and oscillation

Shen, Qi; Trabia, Sarah; Stalbaum, Tyler; Palmre, Viljar; Kim, Kwang Jin; Oh, Il‐Kwon

doi:10.1038/srep24462

Cited by 119 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) are known as actuator with low mass, fexibility, biocompatibility and large deformation under low applied voltage [1][2][3][4]. IPMCs can produce large deflections at low voltage (<5 V), and generate a corresponding electrical response in the process of mechanical bending [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Actuation of Cu-Ionic Polymer Metal Composite

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Polymers

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In this study, Cu-Ionic polymer metal composites (Cu-IPMC) were fabricated using the electroless plating method. The properties of Cu-IPMC in terms of morphology, water loss rate, adhesive force, surface resistance, displacements, and tip forces were evaluated under direct current voltage. In order to understand the relationship between lengths and actuation properties, we developed two static models of displacements and tip forces. The deposited Cu layer is uniform and smooth and contains about 90% by weight of copper, according to the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis data obtained. The electrodes adhere well (level of 5B) on the membrane, to ensure a better conductivity and improve the actuation performance. The penetration depth of needle-like electrodes can reach up to around 70 μm, and the structure shows concise without complex branches, to speed up the actuation. Overall the maximum displacement increased as the voltage increased. The applied voltage for the maximum force output is 8–9 V. The root mean square error (RMSE) and determination coefficient (DC) of the displacement and force models are 1.66 and 1.23, 0.96 and 0.86, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Actuation of Cu-Ionic Polymer Metal Composite

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Polymers

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“…In recent years, the demand for smart actuators based on flexible intelligent driving materials has increased [1][2][3][4]. The role of flexible intelligent driving materials is to convert external stimuli (such as light, heat, humidity, magnetic field/electric field) into executable actions or signals needed by processors through rapid, reversible and controllable structural/morphological changes [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Flexible smart actuators driven by these stimuli have significant advantages in the soft robot, electronic skin, bionic technology and other fields [17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Devices Based on the Soft Actuator with Nafion-Polypropylene-PDMS/Graphite Multilayer Structure

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

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Featured Application: This stimulus-driven, fast-response and large-scale deformation flexible actuator provides a new alternative for bionic application, artificial skin, and soft sensor development. Abstract:The demand for multi-functional soft actuators with simple fabrication and fast response to multiple stimuli is increasing in the field of smart devices. However, for existing actuators that respond to a single stimulus, it is difficult to meet the requirements of application diversity. Herein, a type of multi-stimulus responsive soft actuator based on the Nafion-Polypropylene-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/Graphite multilayer membranes is proposed. Such actuators have an excellent reversible response to optical/thermal and humidity stimulation, which can reach a 224.56 • bending angle in a relative humidity of 95% within 5 s and a maximum bending angle of 324.65 • in 31 s when the platform temperature is 80 • C, and has a faster response (<0.5 s) to optical stimuli, as an asymmetric structure allows it to bend in both directions. Based on such an actuator, some applications like flexible grippers and switches to carry items or control circuits, bionic flytraps to capture and release "prey", have also been developed and studied. These provide potential applications in the fields of soft sensors, artificial skin and flexible robots.

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“…In past decades, various high performance natural renewable ionic electroactive polymers (EAPs), also called artificial muscles have continued to attract scholars' attention, due to their characteristics of softness, low voltage, light weight, biocompatibility, flexibility, and large deflection displacement, which are widely used in software bionic robots and biomedical devices . However, the problems of expensive preparation of EAPs and unstable performance of electrode materials have not been well solved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement in electromechanical performance of degradable bio‐inspired soft ionic actuators with high energy density conductive electrodes

Sun

Liu

et al. 2019

Polymer Composites

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Recently, renewable natural electroactive soft ionic actuators have attracted widespread attention to its potential applications in biomedical equipment, soft robots, and micro‐nano actuators and sensors, and so on. However, low‐energy conversion rates, unstable stability, and slow response speed that severely constrain their practical application. In this article, three kinds of conductive nanoparticles (polyaniline [PANI], polythiophene and its derivatives [PEDOT], and acetylene black [ACET]) are co‐doped into the electrodes of chitosan/MCNT/rGO to prepare high performance soft ionic actuators, and specific capacitance, energy density, cycling stability, and conductivity have been significantly improved. Results showed that after doping three kinds of conductive nanoparticles, the electrode has the highest energy density (up to 145.922 Wh Kg−1), the highest conductivity (up to 850.91 S m−1) and good cycling stability with 82.55% of initial capacitance after 10 000 cycles. After assembling, ionic actuators have the maximum deflection displacement (up to 17.50 mm) increased by 7.6 times and the largest output force (up to 4.795 mN) increased by 2.465 times under power‐on excitation for 120 seconds of 5 V DC voltage. In addition, the displacement of ionic actuators with doping ACET electrode is better than actuators with the doped PANI electrode, while the output force of ionic actuators with doping PANI electrode is higher than actuators with the doped ACET electrode. This inconsistency indicates that the three conductive particles improve electrode performance through different mechanisms. This inconsistency demonstrates that the introduction of some conductive particles can enhance the ordered lamellar void structure inside the electrode and specific capacitance, and the introduction of some particles can improve the cycle stability.

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A multiple-shape memory polymer-metal composite actuator capable of programmable control, creating complex 3D motion of bending, twisting, and oscillation

Cited by 119 publications

References 52 publications

Fabrication and Actuation of Cu-Ionic Polymer Metal Composite

Fabrication and Actuation of Cu-Ionic Polymer Metal Composite

Smart Devices Based on the Soft Actuator with Nafion-Polypropylene-PDMS/Graphite Multilayer Structure

Improvement in electromechanical performance of degradable bio‐inspired soft ionic actuators with high energy density conductive electrodes

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