Recently,
the multicolor fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) have drawn
much attention due to their various applications. Herein, we report
multicolor emissive CDs by solvent-controlled and solvent-responded
approaches. The blue to red color emissive CDs are obtained by the
solvothermal method by varying the solvent during the reaction. The
red color emissive CDs (R-CDs) with good quantum yield is obtained
in a water medium. The detailed characterization revealed that the
solvent controls the particle size, band gap, and nitrogen doping
concentration. Specifically, in the protic solvent, the high N content
and presence of imine nitrogen are the reason for red emission. However,
in an aprotic solvent, the least N doping and a lack of C–O
groups are responsible for a blueshift. Interestingly, it was observed
that the R-CDs provide a full range of visible color by dispersing
in different immiscible solvents. The fluorescence emission in immiscible
solvents is redshifted by enhancing the polarity. Moreover, the developed
CDs detected the low water concentrations (≤0.2%, v/v) visually
and fluorometrically in various organic solvents. Simultaneously,
we have employed synthesized CDs in white-light-emitting diodes and
fluorescent ink.