A new dimension to biomaterials

Three-dimensional fibrous scaffolds with microstructures and nanotextures for tissue engineering

“…In tissue engineering, it requires a 3-D scaffold with a large surface area and volume to support high cell density and longterm culture, which is also required for most biological studies to observe significant effects. 69 Fibrous scaffolds can be fabricated from synthetic polymers to mimic the fibrous structure of collagen and gelatin present in native extracellular matrices. 70 The ideal polymeric material should be biocompatible, economical, easy to fabricate, and with appropriate mechanical and biological properties.…”

Review Paper: A Review of the Cellular Response on Electrospun Nanofibers for Tissue Engineering

“…Methods of influencing cellular function using electrospun scaffolds remains a challenge, as the scaffold must mimic some of the components that make up the natural ECM, whilst providing the appropriate biochemical and mechanical inputs for the cellular microenvironment [10,14]. The ECM is defined as any material that is known broadly as tissue, but which is not part of a cell.…”

Particle seeding enhances interconnectivity in polymeric scaffolds foamed using supercritical CO2

“…One possibility being widely investigated is the use of tissue-engineered implants, in which the desired cells are grown onto a biodegradable three-dimensional (3-D) structure (a scaffold) prior to implantation. The necessity of finding biodegradable polymer materials suitable for use as tissue implant scaffolds is well documented, as is the body of work investigating the application of the aliphatic polyesters in this field (such as polylactide, PLA) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

“…In addition, it must exhibit a surface chemistry suitable for cellular growth and attachment [1,2], enabling cells to grow at a rate and density and in a spatial arrangement similar to that found in a naturally occurring physiological system [3]. The internal scaffold microstructure is also of the utmost importance for it to be integrated successfully into a host system [3][4][5], since highly interconnected pores allow infiltration, attachment of and colonization by the cells, transport of nutrients to the cells and transport of metabolites away from them. Non-porous scaffolds have been found to lead to tissue necrosis, implant failure and rejection [6].…”