A new high-performance chelation ion chromatographic system for the direct determination of trace transition metals in fuel ethanol

et al. 2015

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

Section: Standards For the Analysis Of Bioethanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal and metalloid determination in biodiesel and bioethanol

Sánchez¹,

Sanchez²,

et al. 2015

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

“…Metals and metalloids can be present in the raw material [3,4,5,6]. Moreover, bioethanol may be contaminated with metals during its synthesis [4,5,7] and/or its storage and transport in metallic containers [5,6,7,8]. Finally, some metallic species can be incorporated as additives to promote the combustion process [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal and metalloid determination in bioethanol through inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy

Sanchez

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

Todolı́

2016

A new method to carry out the elemental determination of metals in bioethanol through ICP-OES has been developed. The procedure is based on the use of a heated Torch Integrated Sample Introduction System (hTISIS) to directly introduce the vaporized sample into the plasma. Two injection modes (continuous liquid aspiration and air-segmented flow injection analysis) have been evaluated. In a first step, the matrix effects caused by several ethanol-water mixtures were removed by operating the hTISIS at 400ºC in segmented injection. Meanwhile, the results also proved that the system could be operated in continuous mode at 200ºC with the complete interferences removal. Finally, twenty-eight real samples with bioethanol contents between 55% and 100% were analyzed with the methods previously developed.Regarding validation, recoveries from 80% to 120% were obtained for 18 analytes and the concentrations found with the proposed method were in agreement with those encountered with a preconcentration method, taken as a reference procedure. Limits of detection went from 3 ng mL -1 for manganese to about 500 ng mL -1 for calcium. This allowed to quantify Cr, Fe, Mg, Mn and Zn in segmented flow injection and Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, K, Mg, Mn, Na and Zn in continuous sample aspiration mode in bioethanol samples.

“…[4,15,16] Heavy metals are considered an important risk for the environment. [17][18][19][20] Finally, other metals, as Fe or Cu, can damage the vehicle engines and modify the stability of the ethanol. [4,21] It is not easy to establish clearly the origin of metals in bioethanol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4,21] It is not easy to establish clearly the origin of metals in bioethanol. Some authors reported that they can appear during fuel transportation and storage [4,15,17,21,22] or may be added to the final bioethanol as additive [4,18]. However, other works have suggested that the main source of metals in bioethanol is the raw material [4,21,[23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the metal and metalloid content along the bioethanol production process

Sanchez

Vidal²,

Fuel Processing Technology

et al. 2018

Metal concentration has been determined through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for bioethanol samples, raw materials employed to obtain this biofuel and samples taken from different critical points of the production process. In this way it has been possible to study the evolution of the elemental content all along the bioethanol production process, and to establish the origin of the metals present in the final samples, on the other. Moreover, the steps of the production process where metals were either removed from the biomass or accumulated in the biofuel were identified. Four different acid sample treatments were compared through the analysis of two biomass certified reference materials (CRM) and. the analytical procedure was validated by means of CRMs analysis. The results revealed that, for the most suitable method (nitric acid microwave digestion), recoveries for the analytes of interest went from 90% to 110%. Furthermore, good short-term and long-term precision and acceptable limits of detection (LOD) were obtained. Two different production lines were studied and slight differences were detected in terms of concentration of minor elements (Cd, Co, Sb, Pb and V). The raw material was identified as the most important source of metals found in the final samples. Meanwhile the distillation step caused 1000 to 10000 times decrease in metals concentration in the final bioethanol as compared to the initial biomass.