“…Previously, amikacin has been detected using analytical methods such as capillary electrophoresis (Oguri & Miki, 1996;Yu et al, 2009) and liquid chromatography (Chen et al, 2012;Nicoli & Santi, 2006;Ovalles, Brunetto, & Gallignani, 2005;Zawilla et al, 2007). However, these methods are costly, time-consuming, require sophisticated laboratory equipment and technically trained personnel (Chen, Kong, et al, 2016;Li et al, 2016;Lourenco, Barbosa, & Pinto, 2011;Xu et al, 2016;Xu et al, 2011).…”