A Non-Invasive Thermal Drift Compensation Technique Applied to a Spin-Valve Magnetoresistive Current Sensor

Moreno, J. Sánchez; Muñoz, David; Freitas, P. P.; Berga, Silvia Casans; Antón, A. Edith Navarro

doi:10.3390/s110302447

Cited by 28 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…GMR sensors are resistive elements, so they are affected by thermal variations, quantified by the corresponding temperature coefficient (

) [ 33 ]. It has been demonstrated that these effects can be reduced by biasing the sensors with current [ 3 ], by arranging the sensors in a bridge configuration [ 34 ] or by designing external compensation circuitry [ 35 ].…”

Section: Spreading the Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Integration of GMR Sensors with Different Technologies

Cubells-Beltrán

Reig

Madrenas

et al. 2016

Sensors

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Less than thirty years after the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect was described, GMR sensors are the preferred choice in many applications demanding the measurement of low magnetic fields in small volumes. This rapid deployment from theoretical basis to market and state-of-the-art applications can be explained by the combination of excellent inherent properties with the feasibility of fabrication, allowing the real integration with many other standard technologies. In this paper, we present a review focusing on how this capability of integration has allowed the improvement of the inherent capabilities and, therefore, the range of application of GMR sensors. After briefly describing the phenomenological basis, we deal on the benefits of low temperature deposition techniques regarding the integration of GMR sensors with flexible (plastic) substrates and pre-processed CMOS chips. In this way, the limit of detection can be improved by means of bettering the sensitivity or reducing the noise. We also report on novel fields of application of GMR sensors by the recapitulation of a number of cases of success of their integration with different heterogeneous complementary elements. We finally describe three fully functional systems, two of them in the bio-technology world, as the proof of how the integrability has been instrumental in the meteoric development of GMR sensors and their applications.

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“…GMR sensors are resistive elements, so they are affected by thermal variations, quantified by the corresponding temperature coefficient (

Section: Spreading the Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [ 35 ], a ruthenium (Ru) meandered thermistor was deposited together with a engineered spin-valve based full bridge sensor. It was measured a

of 0.11%/

C for the spin-valve resistors and 0.16%/

C for the Ru thermistor.…”

Section: Spreading the Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of GMR Sensors with Different Technologies

Cubells-Beltrán

Reig

Madrenas

et al. 2016

Sensors

Self Cite

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“…The MTJ elements were deposited and fabricated simultaneously, and therefore have similar characteristic curves and reference layer orientations. The full bridge configuration was obtained so that the test conducting wire (U-shaped current line) mounted below the chip was aligned with each MTJ array ( Figure 1 b), to enable opposing magnetic fields in each pair of MTJ elements and opposite sensitivities to the magnetic field [ 29 ].…”

Section: Sensor Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic Energy Meter Based on a Tunnel Magnetoresistive Effect (TMR) Current Sensor

et al. 2017

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In the present work, the design and microfabrication of a tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) electrical current sensor is presented. After its physical and electrical characterization, a wattmeter is developed to determine the active power delivered to a load from the AC 50/60 Hz mains line. Experimental results are shown up to 1000 W of power load. A relative uncertainty of less than 1.5% with resistive load and less than 1% with capacitive load was obtained. The described application is an example of how TMR sensing technology can play a relevant role in the management and control of electrical energy.

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“…A generalized impedance converter with reference input current can be utilized to perform the thermal compensation [26,27]. This compensation technique is compatible with the Wheatstone bridge circuit, and could successfully bring TMCA from −0.024%·°C −1 to −0.007%·°C −1 .…”

Section: Typical Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

A Current Sensor Based on the Giant Magnetoresistance Effect: Design and Potential Smart Grid Applications

Ouyang

et al. 2012

Sensors

135

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Advanced sensing and measurement techniques are key technologies to realize a smart grid. The giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect has revolutionized the fields of data storage and magnetic measurement. In this work, a design of a GMR current sensor based on a commercial analog GMR chip for applications in a smart grid is presented and discussed. Static, dynamic and thermal properties of the sensor were characterized. The characterizations showed that in the operation range from 0 to ±5 A, the sensor had a sensitivity of 28 mV·A−1, linearity of 99.97%, maximum deviation of 2.717%, frequency response of −1.5 dB at 10 kHz current measurement, and maximum change of the amplitude response of 0.0335%·°C−1 with thermal compensation. In the distributed real-time measurement and monitoring of a smart grid system, the GMR current sensor shows excellent performance and is cost effective, making it suitable for applications such as steady-state and transient-state monitoring. With the advantages of having a high sensitivity, high linearity, small volume, low cost, and simple structure, the GMR current sensor is promising for the measurement and monitoring of smart grids.

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A Non-Invasive Thermal Drift Compensation Technique Applied to a Spin-Valve Magnetoresistive Current Sensor

Cited by 28 publications

References 17 publications

Integration of GMR Sensors with Different Technologies

Integration of GMR Sensors with Different Technologies

Electronic Energy Meter Based on a Tunnel Magnetoresistive Effect (TMR) Current Sensor

A Current Sensor Based on the Giant Magnetoresistance Effect: Design and Potential Smart Grid Applications

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