A Novel Criterion of Mixing Time in Gas-Stirred Ladle Systems

Ni, Shanqiang; Wang, Haijuan; Zhang, Jun; Li, Lin; Chu, Sheng

doi:10.1007/s40195-014-0114-7

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The mixing time is defined as the time in which the changes in ion concentration have a deviation of less than ±5% at steady state in a liquid bath. This definition refers to the criterion of the time in which it takes to homogenize to 95% the liquid bath maintained in constant movement, which is in a container . The mentioned above belongs to the stimulus‐response techniques.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Fluid‐Dynamic Structure on the Mixing Time of a Ladle Furnace

González-Bernal

Solorio-Díaz

Ramos-Banderas

et al. 2017

steel research int.

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This work shows the analysis of the fluid-structure over the mixing time in a ladle furnace. A 1/7 scale acrylic model is constructed from a 135 t ladle, the injection configuration, and the gas flow injected at the bottom of the model are varied. The techniques applied for this study are Colorimetry, Conductimetry (KCl), and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The results indicate that the number, size, and location of the recirculations in the bulk of the fluid have a noteworthy effect on the mixing time of the ladle. The results show that, for configurations involving one gas injection, the increase in gas flow rate does not diminish the degree of homogenization in the analyzed ladle, which is contrary to the logic regarding the energy state of the system. This is explained by taking into account the fluid dynamics structure obtained for the corresponding cases of study.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Fluid‐Dynamic Structure on the Mixing Time of a Ladle Furnace

González-Bernal

Solorio-Díaz

Ramos-Banderas

et al. 2017

steel research int.

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“…To research the influence of the combined method on the alloy concentration distribution behavior, manganese alloy was selected as a tracer material and added at a speed of 59.65 kg/s, lasting for 37 s. The normalization concentration was used and can be expressed as C Nom = (C − C 0 )/(C ∞ − C 0 ), where C is the alloy concentration at a particular time, C 0 is the initial alloy concentration with its value of 0 kg·m −3 and C ∞ is the alloy equilibrium concentration [29] in the molten steel. Figure 15 illustrates the normalization concentration contour after the adding alloy at t = 40 s and t = 100 s. …”

Section: Analysis Of Concentration Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study on Flow, Temperature, and Concentration Distribution Features of Combined Gas and Bottom-Electromagnetic Stirring in a Ladle

Deng

et al. 2018

Metals

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Abstract:A novel method of combined argon gas stirring and bottom-rotating electromagnetic stirring in a ladle refining process is presented in this report. A three-dimensional numerical model was adopted to investigate its effect on improving flow field, eliminating temperature stratification, and homogenizing concentration distribution. The results show that the electromagnetic force has a tendency to spiral by spinning clockwise on the horizontal section and straight up along the vertical section, respectively. When the electromagnetic force is applied to the gas-liquid two phase flow, the gas-liquid plume is shifted and the gas-liquid two phase region is extended. The rotated flow driven by the electromagnetic force promotes the scatter of bubbles. The temperature stratification tends to be alleviated due to the effect of heat compensation and the improved flow. The temperature stratification tends to disappear when the current reaches 1200 A. The improved flow field has a positive influence on decreasing concentration stratification and shortening the mixing time when the combined method is imposed. However, the alloy depositing site needs to be optimized according to the whole circulatory flow and the region of bubbles to escape.

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Numerical Simulation of Tracers Transport Process in Water Model of a Vacuum Refining Unit: Single Snorkel Refining Furnace

Zhang

Chen

Wang

et al. 2020

steel research int.

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The improvement of mixing conditions in vacuum refining unit plays an important role in enhancing the purity and decarburization of molten steel. A numerical simulation is established to calculate the transport and mixing process of tracers in a water model of Single‐Snorkel Refining Furnace. The results show that the transport process of tracer in water model consists of one main circulation stream (inside the ladle and the vacuum chamber) and two side circulation streams (inside the ladle). The injection of KCl tracer can enhance the downward stream velocity and the stream deviates to the axial center of the ladle. After a while (about 30 s), the downward stream gradually returns to the state when the tracer is not injected. The difference between the transport process of pure water tracer and KCl solution tracer is that the KCl solution tracer flows downward at a higher pace from the vacuum chamber to the bottom of the ladle and later disperses rapidly from the bottom to the nozzle‐located side wall of the ladle. The upward transport process of KCl tracer is slowed down due to the existence of “dead zone” at the bottom of the nozzle‐located side wall of the ladle.

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A Novel Criterion of Mixing Time in Gas-Stirred Ladle Systems

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Effect of the Fluid‐Dynamic Structure on the Mixing Time of a Ladle Furnace

Effect of the Fluid‐Dynamic Structure on the Mixing Time of a Ladle Furnace

Numerical Study on Flow, Temperature, and Concentration Distribution Features of Combined Gas and Bottom-Electromagnetic Stirring in a Ladle

Numerical Simulation of Tracers Transport Process in Water Model of a Vacuum Refining Unit: Single Snorkel Refining Furnace

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