A novel double agent of triazole-based zinc-containing complex which constituted Zn/Zn stabilizer system with zinc stearate as thermal stabilizer for poly(vinyl chloride)

Ma, Biao; Wang, Xu; Lu, Songyan; He, Huiwen; Ma, Meng; Shi, Yanqin; Chen, Si

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.108953

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This phenomenon is called "zinc burning". [19] Table 2 shows the change of color with time when the PVC test piece with AM-Zn as thermal stabilizer is aged at 180 C. It could be seen that PVC did not appear "zinc burning" phenomenon when AM-Zn was used alone without adding calcium salts, showing good thermal stability, and it took 60 min to completely age and turn black. When used in combination with calcium stearate, the thermal stability of the CaSt 2 :AM-Zn = 2:1 test piece was the best, it could maintain the initial whiteness for 50 min, and it did not completely turn black within 80 min, which was 30 min longer than the PVC sample of calcium stearate/zinc system.…”

Section: Heat Aging Oven Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of nitrogen‐containing organic thermal stabilizer with resistance to “zinc burning” and its application

Cui

Gao

Jiang

et al. 2022

Vinyl Additive Technology

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Using maleic anhydride and 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil as raw materials, by adding zinc oxide and introducing metal ions, the aminouracil zinc maleate (AM-Zn) was synthesized. The structure of the product was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 1 H NMR spectroscopy. The molecule contains ester group, carbon-carbon double bond, carboxylate and diazo group, which can be used as the main thermal stabilizer for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). The thermal stability and excellent resistance to zinc burning of AM-Zn were characterized by Congo red method, thermal aging method, thermal weight loss method, electrical conductivity, and other detection methods. In addition, the compound use of AM-Zn and CaSt 2 could further improve the thermal stability performance, which was excellent compared with the commercially available CaSt 2 /ZnSt 2 . The thermal stabilization effect was the best when CaSt 2 /AM-Zn = 2:1, the initial whiteness could reach 50 min, and it was not completely blackened and aged within 80 min. The static stabilization time was 65 min, and the thermal stabilization time is increased by 40 min compared with CaSt 2 /ZnSt 2 . The thermal stabilization mechanism was analyzed, and the designed and synthesized AM-Zn, a multifunctional molecular structure, had a strong potential as a thermal stabilizer for PVC.aminouracil maleamic acid zinc, anti-zinc burning, plastic additives, PVC thermal stabilizer | INTRODUCTIONPoly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is a thermoplastic polymer obtained by free radical polymerization of vinyl chloride (VC) monomers. It is one of the top five general-purpose plastics in the world, it has many good physical and chemical properties, such as flame retardant, good water resistance, electrical insulation, acid resistance, alkali resistance, and so forth. [1] With its good performance, PVC has become the most commonly used plastic material in today's society, and is widely used in profiles, pipes, films, sheets, packaging materials, consumer goods. [2] Due to the poor thermal stability of PVC resin materials, aging, discoloration, and deformation will occur under high temperature processing conditions. The degradation of PVC will deteriorate the physical and chemical properties and mechanical properties of its products.

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Section: Heat Aging Oven Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of nitrogen‐containing organic thermal stabilizer with resistance to “zinc burning” and its application

Cui

Gao

Jiang

et al. 2022

Vinyl Additive Technology

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“…For example, Wang et al observed that the thermal stability of PVC was greatly enhanced when nitrogen-rich group-containing tung-oil-based Ca/Zn salts and polyol were utilized as thermal stabilizers [24]. Due to its high nitrogen content, Atz has a high absorption ability for hydrogen chloride, and is used to synthesize two-dimensional layered complex [Zn(ttr)(OAc)] [25,26]. When [Zn(ttr)(OAc)] was used as the thermal stabilizer, the thermal stability of the resulting PVC product was significantly improved [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Modification of PVC with Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycle and Tung-Oil Based Derivative for Enhanced Heat Stabilization and Plasticization Behavior

Wang¹,

Fan²,

Bu³

et al. 2023

Journal of Renewable Materials

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The additives present in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials are the major source of organic by-products during PVC degradation. The thermal stabilizer and plasticizer are the main additives that endow PVC with the required properties during its processing. However, these two additives easily migrate when samples are obtained by physical mixing of the additives with PVC. This causes the reduction of PVC sample efficacy and the increase in the formation of organic by-products in the radiolysis process. In this work, two kinds of grafted PVC samples (tungoil derivative grafted PVC and Atz grafted PVC, abbreviated as P-GT 4 and P-AZ 3 ) were synthesized by chemical grafting of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (Atz) and tung-oil derivative on PVC, respectively. These two PVC samples were then blended at different mass ratios to obtain hybrid PVC materials with excellent plasticization, thermal stability and migration resistance ability. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), discoloration, Congo red test and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that when the mass ratio of P-GT 4 to P-AZ 3 in the mixed PVC resin was 1:3, the resulting P 1:3 -GT 4 -AZ 3 (P4) presented the best plasticization and thermal stability. The kinetics of thermal decomposition showed that the activation energy of P4 was much higher than that of the reference material [PVC/DOTP/CaSt 2 /ZnSt 2 , PVC/CZ41 for short] at mass loss α = 20% and 80%. In addition, the leaching test showed that P4 material possessed excellent migration resistance ability.

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“…[2,3] The addition of thermal stabilizers can effectively delay the degradation process. [4] Lead salts were efficient but toxic thermal stabilizers for PVC. The stabilizing effect of metal soaps and organotin stabilizers was lower than lead salts and will cause environmental pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main component of CG was kaolinite, and it contained a small amount of carbon, oxides and traced rare elements. [10] The expression of the kaolinite crystal structure was Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4 , and its basic structure was shown in Figure 1. These layers are linked by hydrogen bonds between silicon-oxygen tetrahedrons and aluminium-oxygen octahedrons, which share oxygen atoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel coal gangue thermal stabilizer and its effect on thermal stability and mechanical properties of poly(vinyl chloride)

Hou

et al. 2022

Vinyl Additive Technology

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Nontoxic and efficient coal gangue thermal stabilizer (Y-CG) was prepared by cheap and readily available calcium oxide, coal gangue (CG) and stearic acid(SA). The proposed mechanism of Y-CG thermal stability was studied by XRD, FT-IR, BET and thermal stability test. The results show that when the mass ratio of CG to water was 1:7, the loading of Ca(OH) 2 between CG sheets reached the maximum value of 3.01 mmol/g. The hydrophobic property of the Y-CG surface was better when modified at 75 C for 2 h with 5% SA. With 10% Y-CG, the Congo red test showed thermal stabilization time of PVC improved up to 55.9 min and the torque rheological test showed dynamic thermal stabilization time of PVC improved up to 62.10 min. The TG curves show that Y-CG had little effect on the onset degradation temperature of PVC. Still, Y-CG can absorb HCl and initiate the carbonization of PVC to inhibit degradation. Compared with the commonly used thermal stabilizers, the thermal stability of Y-CG was only slightly worse than that of hydrotalcite thermal stabilizers. The early reaction was that the strong base Ca(OH) 2 in Y-CG adsorbs HCl, and the CaCl 2 was stably loaded in the CG layered structure, which avoided the adverse effects caused by strongly alkaline. The late reaction was that SA and Ca(OH) 2 form weakly alkaline calcium stearate to absorb HCl. At the same time, calcium stearate can also be used as a compatibilizer to improve the compatibility between Y-CG and PVC.

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A novel double agent of triazole-based zinc-containing complex which constituted Zn/Zn stabilizer system with zinc stearate as thermal stabilizer for poly(vinyl chloride)

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Design of nitrogen‐containing organic thermal stabilizer with resistance to “zinc burning” and its application

Design of nitrogen‐containing organic thermal stabilizer with resistance to “zinc burning” and its application

Synergistic Modification of PVC with Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycle and Tung-Oil Based Derivative for Enhanced Heat Stabilization and Plasticization Behavior

A novel coal gangue thermal stabilizer and its effect on thermal stability and mechanical properties of poly(vinyl chloride)

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