A Novel Fabrication Method for Functionally Graded Materials under Centrifugal Force: The Centrifugal Mixed-Powder Method

Abstract

One of the fabrication methods for functionally graded materials (FGMs) is a centrifugal solid-particle method, which is an application of the centrifugal casting technique. However, it is the difficult to fabricate FGMs containing nano-particles by the centrifugal solid-particle method. Recently, we proposed a novel fabrication method, which we have named the centrifugal mixed-powder method, by which we can obtain FGMs containing nano-particles. Using this processing method, Cu-based FGMs containing SiC particles and Al-based FGMs containing TiO2 nano-particles on their surfaces have been fabricated. In this article, the microstructure and mechanical property of Cu/SiC and Al/TiO2 FGMs, fabricated by the centrifugal mixed-powder method are reviewed.

A brief review of functionally graded materials

“…The centrifugal method is similar to centrifugal casting where the gravity force is used through turning of the mold to frame mass functionally graded material [3]. The graded material is created via the distinction with respect to the materials' densities and the spinning of the mold.…”

“…Examples of these techniques are the electro-deposition, plasma spraying, electrophoretic, Ion Beam Assisted Deposition (IBAD), Self-Propagating, High-temperature Synthesis (SHS) [3]. Nonetheless, these methods cannot be used to create mass FGM since these methods requires longer manufacturing duration and energy intensive.…”

Review Fabrication of Functionally Graded Materials under a Centrifugal Force

“…As a more developed fabrication method of FGMs under the centrifugal force, the centrifugal mixed-powder method was recently proposed by Watanabe et al (Watanabe et al, 2009). As a first step of the process, a powder mixture of matrix metal particles, A, and dispersion-particles, B, is inserted into a spinning mould, as shown in Fig.…”

“…Watanabe et al are developing a centrifugal mixed-powder method, shown in Fig. 3 (c) (Watanabe et al, 2009), and a reactive centrifugal casting method (Watanabe et al, 2004a), which belong this category. In this chapter, some results from the centrifugal method, centrifugal slurry method, centrifugal mixed-powder method and reactive centrifugal casting method will be described.…”

Lattice Structures and Functionally Graded Materials Applications in Additive Manufacturing of Orthopedic Implants: A Review

“…These methods are energy extensive and are therefore not suitable for bulk FGM parts fabrication. Techniques like powder metallurgy [86] and the centrifugal method [87] are more commonly used in the fabrication of bulk parts. However, the 3D shapes obtained from these techniques are relatively simple and limited to cylinders or blocks.…”